arXiv subjects

Ye Cao

Publications and source records attributed to Ye Cao.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Electromagnetic form factors of singly charmed baryons $\Sigma_c$ and $\Lambda_c$ in a covariant quark-diquark model

We present a systematic study of the spacelike electromagnetic form factors of the ground-state singly charmed baryons, $\Sigma_c$ ($\Sigma_c^{++},\Sigma_c^+,\Sigma_c^0$) and $\Lambda_c^+$, within a covariant quark-diquark model. Based on this framework, we obtain their magnetic moments as well as electric charge and magnetic moment radii. Such observables are important to understand the internal structure and the inner dynamics of these heavy baryon states. Our theoretical calculations are in qualitative agreement with available lattice QCD results of $\Sigma_c^{++}$ and $\Sigma_c^0$ baryons. We also discuss the mechanism behind the dependence of the numerical results on the charm quark and light diquark. A key finding is that the electric form factors of the singly charmed baryons fall off much more slowly with momentum transfer $Q^2$ than that of the proton, indicating a more compact electric charge distribution, which is attributed to the heavy charm quark acting as a localized core. More importantly, we observe a striking difference in the magnetic structure: while the magnetic form factors of $\Sigma_c$ are dominated by the light axial-vector diquark, those of $\Lambda_c^+$ are unexpectedly governed by the charm quark due to the vanishing contribution of the scalar diquark. This highlights the decisive role of the light-diquark spin configuration in determining the magnetic properties. Finally, using an empirical asymptotic relation connecting the spacelike and timelike regions, we predict the total cross section for $e^+e^-\to\Sigma_c\bar{\Sigma}_c$. Our findings can be tested at existing facilities including the BESIII, Belle II and LHCb, as well as the proposed Super Tau-Charm Facility.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2026

Input-to-State Stability Certification via Projection Residuals for Koopman Learning Control of Nonlinear Repetitive Systems

This paper studies input-to-state stability (ISS) certification for data-driven Koopman learning control of unknown discrete-time nonlinear repetitive systems over finite trial horizons. Rather than proposing a new learning law, we certify when a fixed Koopman-assisted constrained update yields practical stability of the selected tracking error along the trial axis. Prediction accuracy alone is insufficient for this purpose: the selected finite-horizon input-output channel must have a positive margin, and the unreachable component of the requested output increment must be accounted for through a projection residual. Thus, a Koopman predictor with small held-out prediction residuals may still fail the learning-stability certificate if its selected channel is weak. We formulate the selected stacked tracking error as the state of a discrete-time learning-axis system and treat Koopman residuals, reset mismatch, channel uncertainty, projection residuals, deployment shifts, and numerical tolerances as ISS inputs. The deterministic result gives a practical ISS estimate from the initial learning error to an explicit ultimate band. A finite-sample implementation constructs an episode-level residual bound under a fixed controller and combines it with reported channel, projection, shift, and numerical margins. Numerical checks on nonlinear repetitive systems support the predicted residual-to-band scaling, weak-channel rejection, projection closure, and ultimate-band coverage.

eess.SY↗

arXiv2026

Who Responds When the Driver Is Gone? A Framework for Holistic Passenger Intent Understanding

As autonomous vehicles advance toward driverless mobility, understanding and responding to passenger needs and intentions becomes increasingly important in the absence of a human driver. We propose Intent2Drive, a unified framework for holistic passenger intent understanding and passenger-aligned planning. Unlike existing methods that rely on explicit commands, Intent2Drive models passenger intent as a latent cognitive state inferred from language, personal attributes, emotions, behaviors, and situational context. To support this task, we construct the Holistic Passenger Intent Dataset (HPID) with structured annotations of explicit and implicit passenger-intent cues. A Theory-of-Mind-inspired Passenger Intent Reasoner (PIR) infers a Latent Passenger State (LPS) and converts it into a planner-compatible Passenger Intent Objective (PIO). We validate the downstream utility of PIO by conditioning an existing hierarchical planning pipeline at the route and trajectory levels. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method understands and responds to passenger needs, enabling passenger-aligned driving while maintaining competitive closed-loop planning performance.

cs.HC↗

arXiv2026

AoiZora: Topology-Aware Auto-Parallel Optimization for Inference of Diffusion Transformers

Video diffusion has quickly grown into a key generative serving workload, yet producing each clip demands many denoising iterations over large spatio-temporal latents, which puts low-latency inference out of reach on a single device. A denoising step is therefore typically distributed across multiple accelerators, and TPU sub-slices have become an attractive and practical fabric for doing so. Current auto-parallel systems, however, search almost exclusively over logical device meshes and disregard how a chosen sharding is actually laid out on the physical TPU interconnect -- an oversight that leaves large, topology-dependent performance on the table. We address this gap with AoiZora, a compiler-mediated topology planner built for low-latency video diffusion inference on TPU sub-slices. Its guiding principle is to reconnect logical sharding with physical placement by drawing on different points in the compilation flow: AoiZora first eliminates weak sharding candidates from inexpensive pre-compilation IRs, then compiles only the ones that survive and orders their physical placements using compiled HLO together with a topology-aware communication model. The winning plan is realized along the ordinary compiler path, leaving model code, compiler lowering, collective kernels, and network routing entirely intact. On TPU v5e sub-slices, AoiZora reduces Wan 2.1 one-step denoising latency by as much as 1.42x relative to existing solutions.

cs.DC↗

arXiv2026

ALTO: Adaptive LoRA Tuning and Orchestration for Heterogeneous LoRA Training Workloads

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is now the dominant method for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large language models, but achieving a high-quality adapter often requires systematic hyperparameter tuning because LoRA performance is highly sensitive to configuration choices. In practice, this leads to many concurrent LoRA jobs, often spanning heterogeneous tasks in multi-tenant environments. Existing systems largely handle these jobs independently, which both wastes computation on weak candidates and leaves GPUs underutilized. We present ALTO (Adaptive LoRA Tuning and Orchestration), a co-designed training system that accelerates LoRA hyperparameter tuning while enabling efficient cluster sharing across heterogeneous tasks. The central insight behind ALTO is that when multiple tuning jobs run concurrently over a shared frozen backbone, they expose optimization opportunities that single-job designs cannot exploit. Building on this, ALTO monitors loss trajectories to terminate unpromising configurations early, uses fused grouped GEMM together with a new rank-local adapter parallelism to co-locate surviving adapters and reclaim freed GPU capacity, and combines intra-task and inter-task scheduling to improve multi-task placement by leveraging the predictable duration of LoRA jobs. Extensive evaluation shows that ALTO achieves up to $13.8\times$ speedup over state-of-the-art without sacrificing adapter quality.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2026

GENSERVE: Efficient Co-Serving of Heterogeneous Diffusion Model Workloads

Diffusion models have emerged as the prevailing approach for text-to-image (T2I) and text-to-video (T2V) generation, yet production platforms must increasingly serve both modalities on shared GPU clusters while meeting stringent latency SLOs. Co-serving such heterogeneous workloads is challenging: T2I and T2V requests exhibit vastly different compute demands, parallelism characteristics, and latency requirements, leading to significant SLO violations in existing serving systems. We present GENSERVE, a co-serving system that leverages the inherent predictability of the diffusion process to optimize serving efficiency. A central insight is that diffusion inference proceeds in discrete, predictable steps and is naturally preemptible at step boundaries, opening a new design space for heterogeneity-aware resource management. GENSERVE introduces step-level resource adaptation through three coordinated mechanisms: intelligent video preemption, elastic sequence parallelism with dynamic batching, and an SLO-aware scheduler that jointly optimizes resource allocation across all concurrent requests. Experimental results show that GENSERVE improves the SLO attainment rate by up to 44% over the strongest baseline across diverse configurations.

cs.DC↗

arXiv2026

Nature of $K^*(1680)$ and $q\bar{q}$-hybrid mixing as the SU(3) partner of $\eta_{1}(1855)$ in the strange sector

We presents an investigation of the $K^*(1680)$ state in its strong decays into two-body finial states within the flux-tube model and quark pair creation model. Since the charge conjugation parity is not conserved in the strange sector, the conventional $q\bar{q}$ states of $J^{P(C)}=1^{-(-)}$ can mix with the lowest hybrid states with $J^{P(C)}=1^{-(+)}$. Our analysis of the $K^*(1680)$ two-body strong decays indicates that the decay pattern of $K^*(1680)$ cannot be explained by the conventional $q\bar{q}$ scenario. Meanwhile, strong evidence shows the $q\bar{q}$-hybrid mixing mechanism in the strange sector. The phenomenological consequences of such a mixing are also discussed. Our study can provide a guidance for the future search for hybrid multiplets in experiment at BESIII, LHCb, and Belle-II.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2026

Singly Cabibbo-suppressed hadronic weak decays of the $\Omega^-$ hyperon

We study the two-body hadronic weak decays of the $\Omega^-$ hyperon with strangeness $S=-3$, including three singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay modes: $\Xi^0 \pi^-$, $\Xi^-\pi^0$ and $\Lambda K^-$. The decay amplitudes at the quark level, arising from $s\to ud \bar{u}$ transitions (direct pion emission and color-suppressed processes) and $su\to ud$ transitions (pole terms), are calculated in the framework of the non-relativistic constituent quark model.The theoretical results show that the $\Xi^0 \pi^-$ channel is dominated by the color-allowed direct pion emission process, while the $\Lambda K^-$ channel is well described by one type of pole contribution mediated through intermediate $\Xi$ resonances ($1^2S_{1/2^+}$ and $1^2P_{1/2^-}$ states). However, the contribution from tree-level mechanisms alone to the branching ratio of $\Omega^- \to \Xi^- \pi^0$ is small due to its color-suppressed nature. The discrepancy is resolved by including final state interactions through rescattering processes via intermediate states $\Xi^0\pi^-$ and $\Lambda K^-$. This work demonstrates that a unified description of $\Omega^-$ hadronic weak decays necessitates the interplay of quark-level weak vertices, baryon pole structures, and long-distance final state rescattering dynamics. With these mechanisms, the obtained branching ratios are in agreement with the high-precision experimental data from the BESIII. Furthermore, these above decays are found to be dominated by the parity-conserving $P$-wave transitions, thus the asymmetry parameters are almost zero.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2025

A unified approach for the hadronic weak decays of $\Lambda$ and $\Sigma^{\pm}\to N\pi$

We provide a unified approach for the two-body hadronic weak decays of hyperons with $S=-1$, i.e. $\Lambda$ and $\Sigma^\pm$, in the framework of the non-relativistic constitute quark model (NRCQM). A combined analysis shows that the branching ratios and asymmetry parameters of the decay channels $\Lambda\to p\pi^-$ and $\Sigma^\pm\to N\pi$ can be well described in the same framework with the direct pion emission, color suppressed internal $W$ emission, and pole terms included. However, the channel $\Lambda\to n\pi^0$ indicates significant deviations from the experimental data based on these mentioned transition mechanism. We demonstrate that the final state interactions (FSIs) via the coupled-channel rescatterings play a crucial role in $\Lambda\to n\pi^0$. Namely, the dominant decay channel of $\Lambda\to p\pi^-$ can contribute to $\Lambda\to n\pi^0$ via the $p\pi^-\to n\pi^0$ rescatterings. This is a leading correction effect for $\Lambda\to n\pi^0$ at the one-loop level. We find that such FSIs only become the leading effects in $\Lambda\to n\pi^0$, but contribute as subleading contributions in other channels. We also demonstrate that the pole terms are indispensable in these hyperon decays. In particular, for $\Sigma^-\to n\pi^-$ and $\Sigma^+\to n\pi^+$, it shows that $\Lambda(1405)$ as the intermediate state in the pole term amplitude is necessary for reproducing the experimental data. We also find that a dynamic selection rule forbids the radial excitation state $N(1710)$ of the quark model multiplet $|70, ^28,2,0^+,1/2^+\rangle$ from contribution. To some extent, the hyperon hadronic weak decays serve as a special probe for the underlying transition mechanisms and can provide some constraints on the intermediate $J^P=1/2^\pm$ baryon resonances.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2025

Searching the possibility of $a_0(1450)$ scalar state being a diquark structure via charmed meson semileptonic decays

The internal structure of light scalar state $a_0(1450)$ has not been definitively determined, it may consist of multiple possible states. Among them, it has the possibility of being regarded as a diquark state. Based on this possibility, we use QCD light-cone sum rules to study the semileptonic decay process $D \to a_0(1450)\ell \nu_\ell $ with $\ell=(e, \mu)$ to verify its rationality. Firstly, we construct two types of twist-2 light-cone distribution amplitude schemes based on the light-cone harmonic oscillator model, and present their moments $\langle\xi^{n}\rangle |_{\mu}$ and Gegenbauer moments $a_{n}(\mu)$ at $\mu_0=1~{\rm GeV}$ and $\mu_k= 1.4~{\rm GeV}$ for $n=(1,3,5)$. In the large recoil region, we obtain the transition form factors (TFFs): $f_+^{\rm (S1)}(0) = 0.836_{-0.116}^{+0.119}$, $f_+^{\rm (S2)}(0)=0.767_{-0.105}^{+0.106}$ and $f_-(0)=0.630_{-0.077}^{+0.078}$. A simplified series expansion $z(q^2, t)$ is used to extrapolate TFFs to the entire physical $q^2$-region. For $q^2=10^{-5} ~{\rm GeV}^2$, we compute angular distribution of the differential decay width ${d\Gamma}/{d\cos\theta_\ell }$ over the range $\cos\theta_\ell \in [-1,1]$. Subsequently, we obtain differential decay widths and branching fractions for $D^0 \to a_0(1450)^- \ell^+ \nu_\ell $ and $D^- \to a_0(1450)^0 \ell^- \bar{\nu}_\ell $, where the branching fractions being of order $10^{-6}$. Finally, we analyze three angular observables for the semileptonic decay process $D^- \to a_0(1450)^0 \ell^- \bar{\nu}_\ell $, the forward-backward asymmetry ${\cal A}_{\rm FB}$, lepton polarization asymmetry ${\cal A}_{\lambda_\ell}$ and $q^2$-differential flat term~${\cal F}_{\rm H}$.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2025

Online Learning Control Strategies for Industrial Processes with Application for Loosening and Conditioning

This paper proposes a novel adaptive Koopman Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework, termed HPC-AK-MPC, designed to address the dual challenges of time-varying dynamics and safe operation in complex industrial processes. The framework integrates two core strategies: online learning and historically-informed safety constraints. To contend with process time-variance, a Recursive Extended Dynamic Mode Decomposition (rEDMDc) technique is employed to construct an adaptive Koopman model capable of updating its parameters from real-time data, endowing the controller with the ability to continuously learn and track dynamic changes. To tackle the critical issue of safe operation under model uncertainty, we introduce a novel Historical Process Constraint (HPC) mechanism. This mechanism mines successful operational experiences from a historical database and, by coupling them with the confidence level of the online model, generates a dynamic "safety corridor" for the MPC optimization problem. This approach transforms implicit expert knowledge into explicit, adaptive constraints, establishing a dynamic balance between pursuing optimal performance and ensuring robust safety. The proposed HPC-AK-MPC method is applied to a real-world tobacco loosening and conditioning process and systematically validated using an "advisor mode" simulation framework with industrial data. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared to historical operations, the proposed method significantly improves the Process Capability Index (Cpk) for key quality variables across all tested batches, proving its substantial potential in enhancing control performance while guaranteeing operational safety.

eess.SY↗

arXiv2024

The magnetic $Z_2$ topological insulator on the AA-stacked bilayer graphene

The properties displayed by graphene at van Hove singularities (VHS) have caught significant attention in recent years. The emergence of exotic quantum states at these singularities prompts investigations on their evolution within the realm of multilayer stacking structures. In our research, we delve into the study of a repulsive Hubbard model focusing on the AA-stacked bilayer graphene at VHS. Within the system's ground state, each of the top and bottom layers hosts a set of spin-density waves (SDWs). These SDWs each takes on three mutually perpendicular spin polarization directions. Importantly, there is noteworthy feature that their spin polarization directions in the two layers exist as elegant embodiments of antiferromagnetic arrangement, persvading the structure with a striking pattern. Referred to in prior research as the chiral SDWs, this intralayer density wave structure confers the system the characteristics of a Chern topological insulator. However, what is particularly fascinating is the pure divergence of the bilayer structure's topological traits when compared to its monolayer counterpart. The system exhibits a profound symmetry known as $Z_2$, preserving its invariance under the combined operations of time-reversal and interlayer exchange. Consequentely, the system's ground state manifests a seemingly trivial Chern number, yet harbors a profound and intricate nontrivial $Z_2$ topological invariant. These remarkable observations align our findings with the conceptual framework of the quantum spin Hall effect.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2024

Theoretical Study on the Structural and Thermodynamic Properties of U-He compounds under High Pressure

Uranium is considered as a very important nuclear energy material because of the huge amount of energy released. As the main products of spontaneous decay of uranium, helium is difficult to react with uranium for its chemical inertness. Therefore, bubbles will be formed inside uranium, which could greatly reduce the performance of uranium or cause the safety problems. Additionally, nuclear materials are usually operated in an environment of high-temperature and high-pressure, so it is necessary to figure out the exact state of helium inside uranium at extreme conditions. Here, we explored the structural stability of U-He system under high-pressure and high-temperature by using density functional theory calculations. Two metastable phases are found between 50 and 400 GPa: U4He with space group Fmmm and U6He with space group P-1. Both are metallic and adopt layered structures. Electron localization function calculation combined with charge density difference analysis indicate that there are covalent bonds between U and U atoms in both Fmmm-U4He and P-1-U6He. Compared with the elastic modulus of ${\alpha}$-U, the addition of helium has certain influence on the mechanical properties of uranium. Besides, first-principles molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to study the dynamical behavior of Fmmm-U4He and P-1-U6He at high-temperature. It is found that Fmmm-U4He and P-1-U6He undergo one-dimensional superionic phase transitions at 150 GPa. Our study revealed exotic structure of U-He compounds beyond the form of bubble under high-pressure and high-temperature, that might be relevant to the performance and safety issue of nuclear materials at extreme conditions.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2024

Forecast of joint analysis of cosmic shear and supernovae magnification from CSST and LSST

Cosmic shear and cosmic magnification reflect the same gravitational lensing field. Each of these two probes are affected by different systematics. We study the auto- and cross-correlations of the cosmic shear from the China Space Survey Telescope (CSST) and cosmic magnification of supernovae from Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). We want to answer, to what extent, by adding the magnification data we can remove the systematic bias in cosmic shear measurement. We generate the mock shear/magnification maps based on the correlation between of different tomographic bins. After obtaining the corrected power spectra, we adopt the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique to fit the theoretical models, and investigate the constraints on the cosmological and nuisance parameters. We find that the with only cosmic shear data, there are $1σ$ bias in $σ_8$ and intrinsic alignment model parameters. By adding the magnification data, we are able to remove these biases perfectly.

astro-ph.CO↗

arXiv2024

Few-magnon excitations in a frustrated spin-$S$ ferromagnetic chain with single-ion anisotropy

We study few-magnon excitations in a finite-size spin-$S$ chain with ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor (NN) interaction $J>0$ and antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) interaction $J'<0$, in the presence of the single-ion (SI) anisotropy $D$. We first reveal the condition for the emergence of zero-excitation-energy states. In the isotropic case with $Δ=Δ'=1$ ($Δ$ and $Δ'$ are the corresponding anisotropy parameters), a threshold of $J/|J'|$ above which the ground state is ferromagnetic is determined by exact diagonalization for short chains up to $12$ sites. Using a set of exact two-magnon Bloch states, we then map the two-magnon problem to a single-particle one on an effective open chain with both NN and NNN hoppings. The whole two-magnon excitation spectrum is calculated for large systems and the commensurate-incommensurate transition in the lowest-lying mode is found to exhibit different behaviors between $S=1/2$ and higher spins due to the interplay of the SI anisotropy and the NNN interaction. For the commensurate momentum $k=-π$, the effective lattice is decoupled into two NN open chains that can be exactly solved via a plane-wave ansatz. Based on this, we analytically identify in the $Δ'-D/|J'|$ plane the regions supporting the SI or NNN exchange two-magnon bound states near the edge of the band. In particular, we prove that there always exists a lower-lying NN exchange two-magnon bound state near the band edge for arbitrary $S\geq 1/2$. Finally, we numerically calculate the $n$-magnon spectra for $S=1/2$ with $n\leq5$ by using a spin-operator matrix element method. The corresponding $n$-magnon commensurate instability regions are determined for finite chains and consistent results with prior literature are observed.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2024

Resolving the polarization puzzles in $D^0\to VV$

We carry out a systematic analysis of the Cabbibo-favored (CF) and singly Cabbibo-suppressed (SCS) decays of $D^0\to VV$, and demonstrate that the long-distance mechanism due to the final-state interactions (FSIs) can provide a natural explanation for these mysterious polarization puzzles observed in $D^0\to VV$ in experiments. More observables, which can be measured at BESIII and possibly at LHCb, are also suggested.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2023

Study of weak radiative decays of $D^0\to V γ$

The weak radiative decay of $D^0\to Vγ$ with $V=\bar{K}^0$, and $ϕ$, $ρ^0$, and $ω$, is systematically studied in the vector meson dominance (VMD) model. It allows us to distinguish the short-distance mechanisms which can be described by the tree-level transitions in the non-relativistic constituent quark model, and the long-distance mechanisms which are related to the final-state interactions (FSIs). We find that the FSI effects play a crucial role in $D^0\to Vγ$ and the SU(3) flavor symmetry can provide a natural constraint on the relative phase between the short and long-distance transition amplitudes. Our analysis suggests that the $D$ meson weak radiative decays can serve as a good case for investigating the non-perturbative QCD mechanisms at the charm quark mass region.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2023

Unconventional superfluidity of superconductivity on Penrose lattice

We theoretically investigate the gap function, superfluid density and the transition temperature of the superconductivity (SC) on semi-periodic Penrose lattice, where an attractive Hubbard model is adopted as an example. Firstly, we clarify that the gap function, density of states and superfluid density are all positively correlate to the extended degree of single particle states around the Fermi energy. Secondly, we identify that the paramagnetic component of the superfluid density does not decay to zero in the thermodynamic limit, which is completely different from the periodic system. The difference between the diamagnetic and paramagnetic currents keeps stable with whatever scaling, which is consistent with recent experimental results that although the superfluid density is lower than that of the periodic system, the system has bulk SC. Thirdly, we find that both the superfluid density and SC transition temperature can be boosted with the increase of disorder strength, which should be general to quasicrystal but unusual to periodic systems, reflecting the interplay between the underlying geometry and disorder.

cond-mat.supr-con↗