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Yu. Holovatch

Publications and source records attributed to Yu. Holovatch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Seven- and eight-loop critical exponents of the three-dimensional Ising model

We determine the critical exponents $\eta$, $\nu$, and the correction-to-scaling exponent $\omega$ of the three-dimensional Ising universality class by resumming the recently computed seven- and eight-loop renormalization-group series in the $\epsilon=4-d$ expansion (O.~Schnetz, \textit{Phys. Rev. D} \textbf{97}, 085018 (2018); O.~Schnetz, \textit{Phys. Rev. D} \textbf{107}, 036002 (2023)). The resummation combines conformal mapping with a homographic transformation, while the resummation parameters are optimized according to two complementary criteria. This approach yields precise estimates of the critical exponents together with quantitative uncertainty estimates. We find that the error bar on $\eta$ decreases rapidly with increasing loop order, whereas this is the case neither for $\nu$ nor for $\omega$. Unexpectedly, although the estimated values are accurate in absolute terms, their slow convergence with the loop order leads to a slight but systematic tension with the conformal bootstrap estimates that are currently considered as the benchmark. We discuss several possible origins of this behavior and its implications for high-order resummations of perturbative renormalization-group series.

cond-mat.stat-mech

Effective and asymptotic scaling in a one-dimensional billiard problem

The emergence of power laws that govern the large-time dynamics of a one-dimensional billiard of $N$ point particles is analysed. In the initial state, the resting particles are placed in the positive half-line $x\geqslant 0$ at equal distances. Their masses alternate between two distinct values. The dynamics is initialized by giving the leftmost particle a positive velocity. Due to elastic inter-particle collisions, the whole system gradually comes into motion, filling both right-hand and left-hand half-lines. As shown by [Chakraborti S., Dhar A., Krapivsky P., SciPost Phys., 2022, 13, 074], an inherent feature of such a billiard is the emergence of two different modes: the shock wave that propagates in $x\geqslant 0$ and the splash region in $x<0$. Moreover, the behaviour of the relevant observables is characterized by universal asymptotic power-law dependencies. In view of the finite size of the system and of finite observation times, these dependencies only start to acquire a universal character. To analyse them, we set up molecular dynamics simulations using the concept of effective scaling exponents, familiar in the theory of continuous phase transitions. We present results for the effective exponents that govern the large-time behaviour of the shock-wave front, the number of collisions, the energies and momentum of different modes and analyse their tendency to approach corresponding universal values.

cond-mat.stat-mech

Emergence of the 3D diluted Ising model universality class in a mixture of two magnets

Usually, the impact of structural disorder on the magnetic phase transition in the 3D Ising model is analyzed within the framework of quenched dilution by a non-magnetic component, where some lattice sites are occupied by Ising spins, while others are non-magnetic. This kind of quenched dilution, according to the Harris criterion, leads to a change in the critical exponents that govern the asymptotics in the vicinity of the phase transition point. However, the inherent reason for the emergence of a new, random Ising model universality class is not the presence of a non-magnetic component but the disorder in structure of spin arrangement. To demonstrate this fact, in this paper, we set up extensive Monte Carlo simulations of a random mixture of two Ising-like magnets that differ in spin length $s$ and concentration $c$. In doing so, we analyze the effect of structural disorder \textit{per se} without appealing to the presence of a non-magnetic component. We support our numerical simulations with renormalization group calculations. Our results demonstrate the emergence of the 3D randomly diluted Ising model universality class in a random mixture of two Ising magnets. While the asymptotic critical exponents coincide with those known for the site-diluted 3D Ising model, the effective critical behavior is triggered by parameters $s$ and $c$. The impact of their interplay is a subject of detailed analysis.

cond-mat.dis-nn

On the shape of Gaussian scale-free polymer networks

We consider the model of complex hyperbranched polymer structures formed on the basis of scale-free graphs, where functionalities (degrees) $k$ of nodes obey a power law decaying probability $p(k)\sim{k^{-\alpha}}$. Such polymer topologies can be considered as generalization of regular hierarchical dendrimer structures with fixed functionalities. The conformational size and shape characteristics, such as averaged asphericity $\langle A_3 \rangle$ and size ratio $g$ of such polymer networks are obtained numerically by application of Wei's method, which defines the configurations of any complex Gaussian network in terms of eigenvalue spectra of corresponding Kirchhoff matrix. Our quantitative results indicate, in particular, an increase of compactness and symmetry of network structures with the decrease of parameter $\alpha$.

cond-mat.soft

Consensus decision making on a complete graph: complex behaviour from simple assumptions

In this paper we investigate a model of consensus decision making [Hartnett A. T., et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2016, 116, 038701] following a statistical physics approach presented in [Sarkanych P., et al., Phys. Biol., 2023, 20, 045005]. Within this approach, the temperature serves as a measure of fluctuations, not considered before in the original model. Here, we discuss the model on a complete graph. The main goal of this paper is to show that an analytical description may lead to a very rich phase behaviour, which is usually not expected for a complete graph. However, the variety of individual agent (spin) features - their inhomogeneity and bias strength - taken into account by the model leads to rather non-trivial collective effects. We show that the latter may emerge in a form of continuous or abrupt phase transitions sometimes accompanied by re-entrant and order-parameter flipping behaviour. In turn, this may lead to appealing interpretations in terms of social decision making. We support analytical predictions by numerical simulation. Moreover, while analytical calculations are performed within an equilibrium statistical physics formalism, the numerical simulations add yet another dynamical feature - local non-linearity or conformity of the individual to the opinion of its surroundings. This feature appears to have a strong impact both on the way in which an equilibrium state is approached as well as on its characteristics.

cond-mat.stat-mech

When correlations exceed system size: finite-size scaling in free boundary conditions above the upper critical dimension

We progress finite-size scaling in systems with free boundary conditions above their upper critical dimension, where in the thermodynamic limit critical scaling is described by mean-field theory. Recent works show that the correlation length is not bound by the system's physical size, a belief that long held sway. Instead, two scaling regimes can be observed - at the critical and pseudo-critical temperatures. We demonstrate that both are manifest for free boundaries. We use numerical simulations of the $d=5$ Ising model to analyse the magnetization, susceptibility, magnetization Fourier modes and the partition function zeros. While some of the response functions hide the dual finite-size scaling, the precision enabled by the analysis of Lee-Yang zeros allows this be brought to the fore. In particular, finite-size scaling of leading zeros at the pseudo-critical point confirms recent predictions coming from correlations exceeding the system size. This paper is dedicated to Jaroslav Ilnytskyi on the occasion of his 60th birthday.

cond-mat.stat-mech

Critical Behavior of the Three-Dimensional Random Anisotropy Heisenberg Model

We have studied the critical properties of the three-dimensional random anisotropy Heisenberg model by means of numerical simulations using the Parallel Tempering method. We have simulated the model with two different disorder distributions, cubic and isotropic ones, with two different {anisotropy} strengths for each disorder class. For the case of the anisotropic disorder, we have found evidences of universality by finding critical exponents and universal dimensionless ratios independent of the strength of the disorder. In the case of isotropic disorder distribution the situation is very involved: we have found two phase transitions in the magnetization channel which are merging for larger lattices remaining a zero magnetization low temperature phase. Studying this region using a spin glass order parameter we have found evidences for a spin glass phase transition. We have estimated effective critical exponents for the spin glass phase transition for the different values of the strength of the isotropic disorder, discussing the cross-over regime.

cond-mat.dis-nn

Continuous variable graph states: entanglement and graph properties

We propose the definition of the geometric measure of entanglement for continuous variable states. On the basis of this definition we examine entanglement of the graph states obtained as a result of action of a unitary operator on the ground state of a system of $N$ noninteracting harmonic oscillators. We find that the entanglement of a harmonic oscillator with other ones is defined by the value of its vertex degree.

quant-ph

Spreading processes in "post-epidemic" environments

We analyze infection spreading processes in a system where only a fraction $p$ of individuals can be affected by disease, while remaining $1-p$ individuals are immune. Such a picture can emerge as a natural consequence of previously terminated epidemic process or arise in formerly vaccinated population. To this end, we apply the synchronous cellular automata algorithm studying stationary states and spatial patterning in SI, SIS and SIR models on a square lattice with the fraction $p$ of active sites. A concept of "safety patterns" of susceptible agents surrounded by immune individuals naturally arises in a proposed system, which plays an important role in the course of epidemic processes under consideration. Detailed analysis of distribution of such patterns is given, which in turn determine the fraction of infected agents in a stationary state $I^*(p)$. Estimates for the threshold values of the basic reproduction number $R_0^c$ as a function of active agents fraction $p$ are obtained as well. In particular, our results allow to predict the optimal fraction of individuals, needed to be vaccinated in advance in order to get the maximal values of unaffected agents in a course of epidemic process with a given curing rate.

cond-mat.dis-nn

Spreading processes in "post-epidemic" environments. II. Safety patterns on scale-free networks

This paper continues our previous study on spreading processes in inhomogeneous populations consisting of susceptible and immune individuals [V. Blavatska, Yu. Holovatch, Physica A 573, 125980 (2021)]. A special role in such populations is played by "safety patterns" of susceptible nodes surrounded by the immune ones. Here, we analyze spreading on scale-free networks, where the distribution of node connectivity $k$ obeys a power-law decay $\sim k^{-λ}$. We assume, that only a fraction $p$ of individual nodes can be affected by spreading process, while remaining $1-p$ are immune. We apply the synchronous cellular automaton algorithm and study the stationary states and spatial patterning in SI, SIS and SIR models in a range $2 < λ< 3 $. Two immunization scenarios, the random immunization and an intentional one, that targets the highest degrees nodes are considered. A distribution of safety patterns is obtained for the case of both scenarios. Estimates for the threshold values of the effective spreading rate $β_c$ as a function of active agents fraction $p$ and parameter $λ$ are obtained and efficiency of both vaccination techniques are analyzed quantitatively. The impact of the underlying network heterogeneous structure is manifest e.g. in decreasing the $β_c$ values within the random scenario as compared to corresponding values in the case of regular latticek. This result quantitatively confirms the compliency of scale-free networks for disease spreading. On contrary, the vaccination within the targeted scenario makes the complex networks much more resistant to epidemic spreading as compared with regular lattice structures.

cond-mat.dis-nn

DNA thermal denaturation by polymer field theory approach: effects of the environment

We analyse the effects of the environment (solvent quality, presence of extended structures - crowded environment) that may have impact on the order of the transition between denaturated and bounded DNA states and lead to changes in the scaling laws that govern conformational properties of DNA strands. We find that the effects studied significantly influence the strength of the first order transition. To this end, we re-consider the Poland-Scheraga model and apply a polymer field theory to calculate entropic exponents associated with the denaturated loop distribution. For the $d = 3$ case, the corresponding diverging $ε= 4-d$ expansions are evaluated by restoring their convergence via the resummation technique. For the space dimension $d = 2$, the exponents are deduced from mapping the polymer model onto a two-dimensional random lattice, i.e., in the presence of quantum gravity. We also show that the first order transition is further strengthened by the presence of extended impenetrable regions in a solvent that restrict the number of the macromolecule configurations.

cond-mat.stat-mech

A mechanism for evolution of the physical concepts network

We suggest an underlying mechanism that governs the growth of a network of concepts, a complex network that reflects the connections between different scientific concepts based on their co-occurrences in publications. To this end, we perform empirical analysis of a network of concepts based on the preprints in physics submitted to the arXiv.org. We calculate the network characteristics and show that they cannot follow as a result of several simple commonly used network growth models. In turn, we suggest that a simultaneous account of two factors, i.e., growth by blocks and preferential selection, gives an explanation of empirically observed properties of the concepts network. Moreover, the observed structure emerges as a synergistic effect of these both factors: each of them alone does not lead to a satisfactory picture.

physics.soc-ph

Crossing borders in the 19th century and now -- two examples of weaving a scientific network

Scientific research is and was at all times a transnational (global) activity. In this respect, it crosses several borders: national, cultural, and ideological. Even in times when physical borders separated the scientific community, scientists kept their minds open to the ideas created beyond the walls and tried to communicate despite all the obstacles. An example of such activities in the field of physics is the travel in the year 1838 of a group of three scientists through the Western Europe: Andreas Ettingshausen (professor at the University of Vienna), August Kunzek (professor at the University of Lviv) and P. Marian Koller (director of the observatory in Chremsminster, Upper Austria). 155 years later a vivid scientific exchange began between physicists from Austria and Ukraine, in particular, between the Institute for Condensed Matter Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in Lviv and the Institute for Theoretical Physics of Johannes Kepler University Linz. This became possible due to the programs financed by national institutions, but it had its scientific background in already knotted historic scientific networks, when Lviv was an international center of mathematics and in Vienna the 'School of Statistical Thought' arose. Due to the new collaboration, after the breakup of the Soviet Union, Ukraine became the first country to join the Middle European Cooperation in Statistical Physics (MECO) founded in the early 1970s with the aim of bridging the gap between scientists from the Eastern and Western parts of Europe separated by the iron curtain.

physics.hist-ph

Shape analysis of random polymer networks

We analyze conformational properties of branched polymer structures, formed on the base of Erdös-Rényi random graph model. We consider networks with $N=5$ vertices and variable parameter $c$, that controls graph connectedness. The universal rotationally invariant size and shape characteristics, such as averaged asphericity $\langle A_3 \rangle$ and size ratio $g$ of such structures are obtained both numerically by application of Wei's method and analytically within the continuous chain model. In particular, our results quantitatively indicate an increase of asymmetry of polymer network structure when its connectedness $c$ decreases.

cond-mat.dis-nn

Public transportation in UK viewed as a complex network

In this paper we investigate the topological and spatial features of public transport networks (PTN) within the UK. Networks investigated include London, Manchester, West Midlands, Bristol, national rail and coach networks during 2011. Using methods in complex network theory and statistical physics we are able to discriminate PTNs with respect to their stability; which is the first of this kind for national networks. Moreover, taking advantage of various fractal properties we gain useful insights into the serviceable area of stations. These features can be employed as key performance indicators in aid of further developing efficient and stable PTNs.

physics.soc-ph

Network analysis of the COSMOS galaxy field

The galaxy data provided by COSMOS survey for 1 by 1 degree field of sky are analysed by methods of complex networks. Three galaxy samples (slices) with redshifts ranging within intervals 0.88-0.91, 0.91-0.94 and 0.94-0.97 are studied as two-dimensional projections for the spatial distributions of galaxies. We construct networks and calculate network measures for each sample, in order to analyse the network similarity of different samples, distinguish various topological environments, and find associations between galaxy properties (colour index and stellar mass) and their topological environments. Results indicate a high level of similarity between geometry and topology for different galaxy samples and no clear evidence of evolutionary trends in network measures. The distribution of local clustering coefficient C manifests three modes which allow for discrimination between stand-alone singlets and dumbbells (0 <= C <= 0.1), intermediately (0 < C < 0.9) and clique (0.9 <= C <= 1) like galaxies. Analysing astrophysical properties of galaxies (colour index and stellar masses), we show that distributions are similar in all slices, however weak evolutionary trends can also be seen across redshift slices. To specify different topological environments we have extracted selections of galaxies from each sample according to different modes of C distribution. We have found statistically significant associations between evolutionary parameters of galaxies and selections of C: the distribution of stellar mass for galaxies with interim C differ from the corresponding distributions for stand-alone and clique galaxies, and this difference holds for all redshift slices. The colour index realises somewhat different behaviour.

astro-ph.CO

Universal shape characteristics for the mesoscopic star-shaped polymer via dissipative particle dynamics simulations

In this paper we study the shape characteristics of star-like polymers in various solvent quality using a mesoscopic level of modeling. The dissipative particle dynamics simulations are performed for the homogeneous and four different heterogeneous star polymers with the same molecular weight. We analyse the gyration radius and asphericity at the bad, good and $θ$-solvent regimes. Detailed explanation based on interplay between enthalpic and entropic contributions to the free energy and analyses on of the asphericity of individual branches are provided to explain the increase of the apsphericity in $θ$-solvent regime.

cond-mat.soft

Phase diagram of Model C in the parametric space of order parameter and space dimensions

The scaling behavior of model C describing the dynamical behaviour of the $n$-component nonconserved order parameter coupled statically to a scalar conserved density is considered in $d$-dimensional space. Conditions for the realization of different types of scaling regimes in the $(n,d)$ plane are studied within the field-theoretical renormalization group approach. Borders separating these regions are calculated on the base of high-order RG functions using $ε$-expansions as well as by fixed dimension $d$ approach with resummation.

cond-mat.stat-mech