arXiv subjects

Zhaoyang Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to Zhaoyang Zhang.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

arXiv2024

Green Probabilistic Semantic Communication over Wireless Networks

In this paper, we propose a multi-user green semantic communication system facilitated by a probabilistic knowledge graph (PKG). By integrating probability into the knowledge graph, we enable probabilistic semantic communication (PSC) and represent semantic information accordingly. On this basis, a semantic compression model designed for multi-user downlink task-oriented communication is introduced, utilizing the semantic compression ratio (SCR) as a parameter to connect the computation and communication processes of information transmission. Based on the rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) technology, we derive mathematical expressions for system transmission energy consumption and related formulations. Subsequently, the multi-user green semantic communication system is modeled and the optimal problem with the goal of minimizing system energy consumption comprehensively considering the computation and communication process under given constrains is formulated. In order to address the optimal problem, we propose an alternating optimization algorithm that tackles sub-problems of power allocation and beamforming design, semantic compression ratio, and computation capacity allocation. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of our approach, demonstrating the superiority of our system over methods using Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) instead of RSMA, and highlighting the benefits of our PSC compression model.

cs.ET↗

arXiv2024

Robust Millimeter Beamforming via Self-Supervised Hybrid Deep Learning

Beamforming with large-scale antenna arrays has been widely used in recent years, which is acknowledged as an important part in 5G and incoming 6G. Thus, various techniques are leveraged to improve its performance, e.g., deep learning, advanced optimization algorithms, etc. Although its performance in many previous research scenarios with deep learning is quite attractive, usually it drops rapidly when the environment or dataset is changed. Therefore, designing effective beamforming network with strong robustness is an open issue for the intelligent wireless communications. In this paper, we propose a robust beamforming self-supervised network, and verify it in two kinds of different datasets with various scenarios. Simulation results show that the proposed self-supervised network with hybrid learning performs well in both classic DeepMIMO and new WAIR-D dataset with the strong robustness under the various environments. Also, we present the principle to explain the rationality of this kind of hybrid learning, which is instructive to apply with more kinds of datasets.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2024

Robust Beamforming with Gradient-based Liquid Neural Network

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication with the advanced beamforming technologies is a key enabler to meet the growing demands of future mobile communication. However, the dynamic nature of cellular channels in large-scale urban mmWave MIMO communication scenarios brings substantial challenges, particularly in terms of complexity and robustness. To address these issues, we propose a robust gradient-based liquid neural network (GLNN) framework that utilizes ordinary differential equation-based liquid neurons to solve the beamforming problem. Specifically, our proposed GLNN framework takes gradients of the optimization objective function as inputs to extract the high-order channel feature information, and then introduces a residual connection to mitigate the training burden. Furthermore, we use the manifold learning technique to compress the search space of the beamforming problem. These designs enable the GLNN to effectively maintain low complexity while ensuring strong robustness to noisy and highly dynamic channels. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that the GLNN can achieve 4.15% higher spectral efficiency than that of typical iterative algorithms, and reduce the time consumption to only 1.61% that of conventional methods.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2024

ChipExpert: The Open-Source Integrated-Circuit-Design-Specific Large Language Model

The field of integrated circuit (IC) design is highly specialized, presenting significant barriers to entry and research and development challenges. Although large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various domains, existing LLMs often fail to meet the specific needs of students, engineers, and researchers. Consequently, the potential of LLMs in the IC design domain remains largely unexplored. To address these issues, we introduce ChipExpert, the first open-source, instructional LLM specifically tailored for the IC design field. ChipExpert is trained on one of the current best open-source base model (Llama-3 8B). The entire training process encompasses several key stages, including data preparation, continue pre-training, instruction-guided supervised fine-tuning, preference alignment, and evaluation. In the data preparation stage, we construct multiple high-quality custom datasets through manual selection and data synthesis techniques. In the subsequent two stages, ChipExpert acquires a vast amount of IC design knowledge and learns how to respond to user queries professionally. ChipExpert also undergoes an alignment phase, using Direct Preference Optimization, to achieve a high standard of ethical performance. Finally, to mitigate the hallucinations of ChipExpert, we have developed a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system, based on the IC design knowledge base. We also released the first IC design benchmark ChipICD-Bench, to evaluate the capabilities of LLMs across multiple IC design sub-domains. Through comprehensive experiments conducted on this benchmark, ChipExpert demonstrated a high level of expertise in IC design knowledge Question-and-Answer tasks.

cs.AR↗

arXiv2024

Robust Beamforming for RIS-aided Communications: Gradient-based Manifold Meta Learning

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has become a promising technology to realize the programmable wireless environment via steering the incident signal in fully customizable ways. However, a major challenge in RIS-aided communication systems is the simultaneous design of the precoding matrix at the base station (BS) and the phase shifting matrix of the RIS elements. This is mainly attributed to the highly non-convex optimization space of variables at both the BS and the RIS, and the diversity of communication environments. Generally, traditional optimization methods for this problem suffer from the high complexity, while existing deep learning based methods are lack of robustness in various scenarios. To address these issues, we introduce a gradient-based manifold meta learning method (GMML), which works without pre-training and has strong robustness for RIS-aided communications. Specifically, the proposed method fuses meta learning and manifold learning to improve the overall spectral efficiency, and reduce the overhead of the high-dimensional signal process. Unlike traditional deep learning based methods which directly take channel state information as input, GMML feeds the gradients of the precoding matrix and phase shifting matrix into neural networks. Coherently, we design a differential regulator to constrain the phase shifting matrix of the RIS. Numerical results show that the proposed GMML can improve the spectral efficiency by up to 7.31\%, and speed up the convergence by 23 times faster compared to traditional approaches. Moreover, they also demonstrate remarkable robustness and adaptability in dynamic settings.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2024

Multi-Sources Information Fusion Learning for Multi-Points NLOS Localization

Accurate localization of mobile terminals is crucial for integrated sensing and communication systems. Existing fingerprint localization methods, which deduce coordinates from channel information in pre-defined rectangular areas, struggle with the heterogeneous fingerprint distribution inherent in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios. To address the problem, we introduce a novel multi-source information fusion learning framework referred to as the Autosync Multi-Domain NLOS Localization (AMDNLoc). Specifically, AMDNLoc employs a two-stage matched filter fused with a target tracking algorithm and iterative centroid-based clustering to automatically and irregularly segment NLOS regions, ensuring uniform fingerprint distribution within channel state information across frequency, power, and time-delay domains. Additionally, the framework utilizes a segment-specific linear classifier array, coupled with deep residual network-based feature extraction and fusion, to establish the correlation function between fingerprint features and coordinates within these regions. Simulation results demonstrate that AMDNLoc significantly enhances localization accuracy by over 40\% compared with traditional convolutional neural networks on the wireless artificial intelligence research dataset.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2024

Image Inpainting Models are Effective Tools for Instruction-guided Image Editing

This is the technique report for the winning solution of the CVPR2024 GenAI Media Generation Challenge Workshop's Instruction-guided Image Editing track. Instruction-guided image editing has been largely studied in recent years. The most advanced methods, such as SmartEdit and MGIE, usually combine large language models with diffusion models through joint training, where the former provides text understanding ability, and the latter provides image generation ability. However, in our experiments, we find that simply connecting large language models and image generation models through intermediary guidance such as masks instead of joint fine-tuning leads to a better editing performance and success rate. We use a 4-step process IIIE (Inpainting-based Instruction-guided Image Editing): editing category classification, main editing object identification, editing mask acquisition, and image inpainting. Results show that through proper combinations of language models and image inpainting models, our pipeline can reach a high success rate with satisfying visual quality.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

FedsLLM: Federated Split Learning for Large Language Models over Communication Networks

Addressing the challenges of deploying large language models in wireless communication networks, this paper combines low-rank adaptation technology (LoRA) with the splitfed learning framework to propose the federated split learning for large language models (FedsLLM) framework. The method introduced in this paper utilizes LoRA technology to reduce processing loads by dividing the network into client subnetworks and server subnetworks. It leverages a federated server to aggregate and update client models. As the training data are transmitted through a wireless network between clients and both main and federated servers, the training delay is determined by the learning accuracy and the allocation of communication bandwidth. This paper models the minimization of the training delay by integrating computation and communication optimization, simplifying the optimization problem into a convex problem to find the optimal solution. Additionally, it presents a lemma that describes the precise solutions to this problem. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed optimization algorithm reduces delays by an average of 47.63% compared to unoptimized scenarios.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2024

Hashing Beam Training for Integrated Ground-Air-Space Wireless Networks

In integrated ground-air-space (IGAS) wireless networks, numerous services require sensing knowledge including location, angle, distance information, etc., which usually can be acquired during the beam training stage. On the other hand, IGAS networks employ large-scale antenna arrays to mitigate obstacle occlusion and path loss. However, large-scale arrays generate pencil-shaped beams, which necessitate a higher number of training beams to cover the desired space. These factors motivate our investigation into the IGAS beam training problem to achieve effective sensing services. To address the high complexity and low identification accuracy of existing beam training techniques, we propose an efficient hashing multi-arm beam (HMB) training scheme. Specifically, we first construct an IGAS single-beam training codebook for the uniform planar arrays. Then, the hash functions are chosen independently to construct the multi-arm beam training codebooks for each AP. All APs traverse the predefined multi-arm beam training codeword simultaneously and the multi-AP superimposed signals at the user are recorded. Finally, the soft decision and voting methods are applied to obtain the correctly aligned beams only based on the signal powers. In addition, we logically prove that the traversal complexity is at the logarithmic level. Simulation results show that our proposed IGAS HMB training method can achieve 96.4% identification accuracy of the exhaustive beam training method and greatly reduce the training overhead.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2024

Fair Resource Allocation for Probabilistic Semantic Communication in IIoT

In this paper, the problem of minimum rate maximization for probabilistic semantic communication (PSCom) in industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is investigated. In the considered model, users employ semantic information extraction techniques to compress the original data before sending it to the base station (BS). During this semantic compression process, knowledge graphs are employed to represent the semantic information, and the probability graph sharing between users and the BS is utilized to further compress the knowledge graph. The semantic compression process can significantly reduce the transmitted data size, but it inevitably introduces additional computation overhead. Considering the limited power budget of the user, we formulate a joint communication and computation optimization problem is formulated aiming to maximize the minimum equivalent rate among all users while meeting total power and semantic compression ratio constraints. To address this problem, two algorithms with different computational complexities are proposed to obtain suboptimal solutions. One algorithm is based on a prorate distribution of transmission power, while the other traverses the combinations of semantic compression ratios among all users. In both algorithms, bisection is employed in order to achieve the greatest minimum equivalent rate. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2024

MiraData: A Large-Scale Video Dataset with Long Durations and Structured Captions

Sora's high-motion intensity and long consistent videos have significantly impacted the field of video generation, attracting unprecedented attention. However, existing publicly available datasets are inadequate for generating Sora-like videos, as they mainly contain short videos with low motion intensity and brief captions. To address these issues, we propose MiraData, a high-quality video dataset that surpasses previous ones in video duration, caption detail, motion strength, and visual quality. We curate MiraData from diverse, manually selected sources and meticulously process the data to obtain semantically consistent clips. GPT-4V is employed to annotate structured captions, providing detailed descriptions from four different perspectives along with a summarized dense caption. To better assess temporal consistency and motion intensity in video generation, we introduce MiraBench, which enhances existing benchmarks by adding 3D consistency and tracking-based motion strength metrics. MiraBench includes 150 evaluation prompts and 17 metrics covering temporal consistency, motion strength, 3D consistency, visual quality, text-video alignment, and distribution similarity. To demonstrate the utility and effectiveness of MiraData, we conduct experiments using our DiT-based video generation model, MiraDiT. The experimental results on MiraBench demonstrate the superiority of MiraData, especially in motion strength.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

RIS-assisted Coverage Enhancement in mmWave Integrated Sensing and Communication Networks

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has emerged as a promising technology to facilitate high-rate communications and super-resolution sensing, particularly operating in the millimeter wave (mmWave) band. However, the vulnerability of mmWave signals to blockages severely impairs ISAC capabilities and coverage. To tackle this, an efficient and low-cost solution is to deploy distributed reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) to construct virtual links between the base stations (BSs) and users in a controllable fashion. In this paper, we investigate the generalized RIS-assisted mmWave ISAC networks considering the blockage effect, and examine the beneficial impact of RISs on the coverage rate utilizing stochastic geometry. Specifically, taking into account the coupling effect of ISAC dual functions within the same network topology, we derive the conditional coverage probability of ISAC performance for two association cases, based on the proposed beam pattern model and user association policies. Then, the marginal coverage rate is calculated by combining these two cases through the distance-dependent thinning method. Simulation results verify the accuracy of derived theoretical formulations and provide valuable guidelines for the practical network deployment. Specifically, our results indicate the superiority of the RIS deployment with the density of 40 km${}^{-2}$ BSs, and that the joint coverage rate of ISAC performance exhibits potential growth from $67.1\%$ to $92.2\%$ with the deployment of RISs.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2024

Energy-Efficient Probabilistic Semantic Communication over Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks

Space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs) are emerging as a pivotal element in the evolution of future wireless networks. Despite their potential, the joint design of communication and computation within SAGINs remains a formidable challenge. In this paper, the problem of energy efficiency in SAGIN-enabled probabilistic semantic communication (PSC) system is investigated. In the considered model, a satellite needs to transmit data to multiple ground terminals (GTs) via an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) acting as a relay. During transmission, the satellite and the UAV can use PSC technique to compress the transmitting data, while the GTs can automatically recover the missing information. The PSC is underpinned by shared probability graphs that serve as a common knowledge base among the transceivers, allowing for resource-saving communication at the expense of increased computation resource. Through analysis, the computation overhead function in PSC is a piecewise function with respect to the semantic compression ratio. Therefore, it is important to make a balance between communication and computation to achieve optimal energy efficiency. The joint communication and computation problem is formulated as an optimization problem aiming to minimize the total communication and computation energy consumption of the network under latency, power, computation capacity, bandwidth, semantic compression ratio, and UAV location constraints. To solve this non-convex non-smooth problem, we propose an iterative algorithm where the closed-form solutions for computation capacity allocation and UAV altitude are obtained at each iteration. Numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2024

Image Conductor: Precision Control for Interactive Video Synthesis

Filmmaking and animation production often require sophisticated techniques for coordinating camera transitions and object movements, typically involving labor-intensive real-world capturing. Despite advancements in generative AI for video creation, achieving precise control over motion for interactive video asset generation remains challenging. To this end, we propose Image Conductor, a method for precise control of camera transitions and object movements to generate video assets from a single image. An well-cultivated training strategy is proposed to separate distinct camera and object motion by camera LoRA weights and object LoRA weights. To further address cinematographic variations from ill-posed trajectories, we introduce a camera-free guidance technique during inference, enhancing object movements while eliminating camera transitions. Additionally, we develop a trajectory-oriented video motion data curation pipeline for training. Quantitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate our method's precision and fine-grained control in generating motion-controllable videos from images, advancing the practical application of interactive video synthesis. Project webpage available at https://liyaowei-stu.github.io/project/ImageConductor/

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

Exploring Channel Estimation and Signal Detection for ODDM-based ISAC Systems

Inspired by providing reliable communications for high-mobility scenarios, in this letter, we investigate the channel estimation and signal detection in integrated sensing and communication~(ISAC) systems based on the orthogonal delay-Doppler multiplexing~(ODDM) modulation, which consists of a pulse-train that can achieve the orthogonality with respect to the resolution of the delay-Doppler~(DD) plane. To enhance the communication performance in the ODDM-based ISAC systems, we first propose a low-complexity approximation algorithm for channel estimation, which addresses the challenge of the high complexity from high resolution in the ODDM modulation, and achieves performance close to that of the maximum likelihood estimator scheme. Then, we employ the orthogonal approximate message-passing scheme to detect the symbols in the communication process based on the estimated channel information. Finally, simulation results show that the detection performance of ODDM is better than other multi-carrier modulation schemes. Specifically, the ODDM outperforms the orthogonal time frequency space scheme by 2.3 dB when the bit error ratio is $10^{-6}$.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2024

AutoDIR: Automatic All-in-One Image Restoration with Latent Diffusion

We present AutoDIR, an innovative all-in-one image restoration system incorporating latent diffusion. AutoDIR excels in its ability to automatically identify and restore images suffering from a range of unknown degradations. AutoDIR offers intuitive open-vocabulary image editing, empowering users to customize and enhance images according to their preferences. Specifically, AutoDIR consists of two key stages: a Blind Image Quality Assessment (BIQA) stage based on a semantic-agnostic vision-language model which automatically detects unknown image degradations for input images, an All-in-One Image Restoration (AIR) stage utilizes structural-corrected latent diffusion which handles multiple types of image degradations. Extensive experimental evaluation demonstrates that AutoDIR outperforms state-of-the-art approaches for a wider range of image restoration tasks. The design of AutoDIR also enables flexible user control (via text prompt) and generalization to new tasks as a foundation model of image restoration. Project is available at: \url{https://jiangyitong.github.io/AutoDIR_webpage/}.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

All-day Depth Completion

We propose a method for depth estimation under different illumination conditions, i.e., day and night time. As photometry is uninformative in regions under low-illumination, we tackle the problem through a multi-sensor fusion approach, where we take as input an additional synchronized sparse point cloud (i.e., from a LiDAR) projected onto the image plane as a sparse depth map, along with a camera image. The crux of our method lies in the use of the abundantly available synthetic data to first approximate the 3D scene structure by learning a mapping from sparse to (coarse) dense depth maps along with their predictive uncertainty - we term this, SpaDe. In poorly illuminated regions where photometric intensities do not afford the inference of local shape, the coarse approximation of scene depth serves as a prior; the uncertainty map is then used with the image to guide refinement through an uncertainty-driven residual learning (URL) scheme. The resulting depth completion network leverages complementary strengths from both modalities - depth is sparse but insensitive to illumination and in metric scale, and image is dense but sensitive with scale ambiguity. SpaDe can be used in a plug-and-play fashion, which allows for 25% improvement when augmented onto existing methods to preprocess sparse depth. We demonstrate URL on the nuScenes dataset where we improve over all baselines by an average 11.65% in all-day scenarios, 11.23% when tested specifically for daytime, and 13.12% for nighttime scenes.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

ReVideo: Remake a Video with Motion and Content Control

Despite significant advancements in video generation and editing using diffusion models, achieving accurate and localized video editing remains a substantial challenge. Additionally, most existing video editing methods primarily focus on altering visual content, with limited research dedicated to motion editing. In this paper, we present a novel attempt to Remake a Video (ReVideo) which stands out from existing methods by allowing precise video editing in specific areas through the specification of both content and motion. Content editing is facilitated by modifying the first frame, while the trajectory-based motion control offers an intuitive user interaction experience. ReVideo addresses a new task involving the coupling and training imbalance between content and motion control. To tackle this, we develop a three-stage training strategy that progressively decouples these two aspects from coarse to fine. Furthermore, we propose a spatiotemporal adaptive fusion module to integrate content and motion control across various sampling steps and spatial locations. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our ReVideo has promising performance on several accurate video editing applications, i.e., (1) locally changing video content while keeping the motion constant, (2) keeping content unchanged and customizing new motion trajectories, (3) modifying both content and motion trajectories. Our method can also seamlessly extend these applications to multi-area editing without specific training, demonstrating its flexibility and robustness.

cs.CV↗