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arXiv2013

WISPers from the Dark Side: Radio Probes of Axions and Hidden Photons

Measurements in the radio regime embrace a number of effective approaches for WISP searches, often covering unique or highly complementary ranges of the parameter space compared to those explored in other research domains. These measurements can be used to search for electromagnetic tracers of the hidden photon and axion oscillations, extending down to ~10^-19 eV the range of the hidden photon mass probed, and closing the last gaps in the strongly favoured 1-5 micro-eV range for axion dark matter. This provides a strong impetus for several new initiatives in the field, including the WISP Dark Matter eXperiment (WISPDMX) and novel conceptual approaches for broad-band WISP searches in the 0.1-1000 micro-eV range.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

Design optimization of mode-matched bulk-mode piezoelectric micro-gyroscopes through modal analysis

Bulk piezoelectric micro-gyroscope is a miniaturized inertial sensor that uses a differential thickness-shear bulk mode of a PZT block as the drive mode of the gyroscope. In the paper, a second differential thickness-extensional mode is identified for the sense mode and mode-matching is proposed for the first time by proper design of the device geomtries. Through finite element modal analysis, the frequencies of drive mode and sense mode are obtained when the length of the PZT block varies from 4.8mm to 5.6mm and the width of the PZT block varies from 3.0mm to 4.0mm. Using a fitting method, the empirical formulae with an excellent fit are induced to predict the influence of the length and the width of the PZT block on the drive and sense mode frequencies. Based on these empirical formulae, the mode-matching equations are introduced. The analysis results show that for a given thickness of the PZT block, the effect of the width on the drive mode frequency is prominant. Conversly, the effect of length on the sense mode frequency is dominant. The resonance frequencies, kinetic energy ratios, scale factors of gyroscope are compared to evaluate the mode quality. The results show that the kinetic energy in y-axis direction of the drive mode and the kinetic energy in z-axis direction of the sense mode increase with the thickness of the PZT block, and consequently the scale factor of the gyroscope increases. For a constant thickness of the PZT block the scale factor will decrease as the length increases. Through design optimization we present a 20 times improvement in the scale factor of the mode-matched gyroscope. Given the thickness of PZT block, the length and the width will be determined by the mode-matching equations mentioned. Generally, the analysis suggests that the resolution of the gyroscope improves by increasing the thickness PZT block.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

Detection of small low emission sources - case studies

The article is devoted to a further study of the Compton camera method of passive detection of small amounts of special nuclear materials, developed by the authors in their previous work. Various cargo scenarios, detector errors, and other issues are addressed.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

Study on the effect of humidity and dust on leakage current of bulk micro-MEGAS detector

In this paper, the effect of humidity and dust trapped in avalanche region on leakage current of bulk micro-MEGAS detector is studied. Pyralux PC1025 layers of DuPont are introduced in bulk technique and micro-MEGAS detector with pillars of 300μm in diameter is fabricated. Leakage current is tested in air with different humidity. Silicon carbide powder and PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) powder are added as dust to avalanche region. Leakage current with and without powder is tested in air and results are depicted in the same figure. Test results indicate that leakage current increases with both storage humidity and test humidity, and also increases when powder is introduced in avalanche region.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

Intensity Frontier Instrumentation

This report summarizes findings of the 2013 Snowmass Community Summer Study Instrumentation Frontier's subgroup on the Intensity Frontier. This report is directed at identifying instrumentation R&D needed to support particle physics research over the coming decades at the Intensity Frontier.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2013

Shutdown Margin for High Conversion BWRs Operating in Th-233U Fuel Cycle

Several reactivity control system design options are explored in order to satisfy shutdown margin (SDM) requirements in a high conversion BWRs operating in Th-233U fuel cycle (Th-RBWR). The studied has an axially heterogeneous fuel assembly structure with a single fissile zone sandwiched between two fertile blanket zones. The utilization of an originally suggested RBWR Y-shape control rod in Th-RBWR is shown to be insufficient for maintaining adequate SDM to balance the high negative reactivity feedbacks, while maintaining fuel breeding potential, core power rating, and minimum Critical Power Ratio (CPR). Instead, an alternative assembly design, also relying on heterogeneous fuel zoning, is proposed for achieving fissile inventory ratio (FIR) above unity, adequate SDM and meeting minimum CPR limit at thermal core output matching the ABWR power. The new concept was modeled as a single 3-dimensional fuel assembly having reflective radial boundaries, using the BGCore system, which consists of the MCNP code coupled with fuel depletion and thermo-hydraulic feedback modules.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2013

Status report and first results of the microwave LSW experiment at CERN

To detect or exclude the existence of hidden sector photons or axion like particles, a table-top "microwaves shining through the wall" experiment has been set up at CERN. An overview of the experimental layout is given, the technical challenges involved are reviewed and the measurement procedure including data-evaluation and its results to date are shown.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

Exclusive Topologies reconstruction in LAr-TPC experiments: a Novel Approach for precise Neutrino-Nucleus Cross-Sections Measurements

The analysis and interpretation of the present and future neutrino oscillation experiments strongly rely on the quantitative understanding of neutrino and antineutrino interactions with nuclei in the "few GeV" energy range. With the advent of the Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) experimental techniques for neutrino detection, a novel approach and methodology in neutrino data analysis is now being developed. Purpose of this White Paper is to briefly illustrate this method, as based on real events categorization into experimental exclusive topologies, rather than on MC driven classification of the event rates in terms of interaction channel. Data collected by the ArgoNeuT experiment in the "few-GeV" energy range are extremely helpful to directly probe features of neutrino interactions and associated nuclear effects in the range of interest for future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

The next generation of $μ -> e γ$ and $μ -> 3e$ CLFV search experiments

We explore the possibilities for extending the sensitivity of current searches for the charged lepton flavor violating decays $μ -> e γ$ and $μ -> eee$. A future facility such as Project X at Fermilab could provide a much more intense stopping $μ^+$ beam, facilitating more sensitive searches, but improved detectors will be required as well. Current searches are limited by accidental and physics backgrounds, as well as by the total number of stopped muons. One of the limiting factors in current detectors for $μ -> e γ$ searches is the photon energy resolution of the calorimeter. We present a new fast Monte Carlo simulation of a conceptual design of a new experimental concept that detects converted $e^+e^-$ pairs from signal photons, taking advantage of the improved energy resolution of a pair spectrometer based on a silicon charged particle tracker. We also study a related detector design for a next generation $μ\to eee$ search experiment.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

The Future of Neutrino Mass Measurements: Terrestrial, Astrophysical, and Cosmological Measurements in the Next Decade. Highlights of the NuMass 2013 Workshop. Milano, Italy, February 4 - 7, 2013

The third Workshop of the NuMass series ("The Future of Neutrino Mass Measurements: Terrestrial, Astrophysical, and Cosmological Measurements in the Next Decade: NuMass 2013") was held at Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini, University of Milano-Bicocca in Milano, Italy, on 4-7 February 2013. The goal of this international workshop was to review the status and future of direct and indirect neutrino mass measurements in the laboratory as well as from astrophysical and cosmological observations. This paper collects most of the contributions presented during the Workshop.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2013

The NOvA Experiment: Overview and Status

The NO$ν$A experiment is a long-baseline accelerator based neutrino oscillation experiment. It uses the upgraded Fermilab NuMI beam and measures electron-neutrino appearance and muon-neutrino disappearance at its far detector in Ash River, Minnesota. Goals of the experiment include measurements of $θ_{13}$, the neutrino-mass hierarchy and the CP-violating phase. NO$ν$A has begun to take data this year and will have its first physics results in 2014. This talk provides an overview of the scientific reach of the NO$ν$A experiment, the status of detector construction and physics analysis and a first glimpse of far-detector data.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2014

Discovery of higher order reentrant modes by constructing a cylindrical symmetric ring and post cavity resonator

Analysis of the properties of resonant modes in a reentrant cavity structure comprising of a post and a ring was undertaken and verified experimentally. In particular we show the existence of higher order reentrant cavity modes in such a structure. Results show that the new cavity has two re-entrant modes, one which has a better displacement sensitivity than the single post resonator and the other with a reduced sensitivity. The more sensitive mode is better than the single post resonator by a factor of 2 to 1.5 when the gap spacing is below 100 $ μ$m. This type of cavity has the potential to operate as a highly sensitive transducer for a variety of precision measurement applications, in particular applications which require coupling to more than one sensitive transducer mode.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

Experimental Challenges of the European Strategy for Particle Physics

In planning for the Phase II upgrades of CMS and ATLAS major considerations are: 1)being able to deal with degradation of tracking and calorimetry up to the radiation doses to be expected with an integrated luminosity of 3000 $fb^{-1}$ and 2)maintaining physics performance at a pileup level of ~140. Here I report on work started within the context of the CMS Forward Calorimetry Task Force and continuing in an expanded CERN RD52 R$&$D program integrating timing (i.e. measuring the time-of-arrival of physics objects) as a potential tool for pileup mitigation and ideas for Forward Calorimetry. For the past 4 years our group has focused on precision timing at the level of 10-20 picoseconds in an environment with rates of $~10^6-10^7$ Hz/$cm^2 $ as is appropriate for the future running of the LHC (HL-LHC era). A time resolution of 10-20 picoseconds is one of the few clear criteria for pileup mitigation at the LHC, since the interaction time of a bunch crossing has an rms of 170 picosec. While work on charged particle timing in other contexts (i.e. ALICE R$&$D) is starting to approach this precision, there have been essentially no technologies that can sustain performance at these rates. I will present results on a tracker we developed within the DOE Advanced Detector R$&$D program which is now meeting these requirements. I will also review some results from Calorimeter Projects developed within our group (PHENIX EMCAL and ATLAS ZDC) which achieved calorimeter timing precision< 100 picoseconds.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

LAr1-ND: Testing Neutrino Anomalies with Multiple LArTPC Detectors at Fermilab

This white paper describes LAr1-ND and the compelling physics it brings first in Phase 1 and next towards the full LAr1 program. In addition, LAr1-ND serves as a key step in the development toward large-scale LArTPC detectors. Its development goals will encompass testing existing and possibly innovative designs for LBNE while at the same time providing a training ground for teams working towards LBNE combining timely neutrino physics with experience in detector development.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

Silicon strip prototypes for the Phase-II upgrade of the ATLAS tracker for the HL-LHC

This paper describes the integration structures for the silicon strips tracker of the ATLAS detector proposed for the Phase-II upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), also referred to as High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). In this proposed detector Silicon strip sensors are arranged in highly modular structures, called `staves' and `petals'. This paper presents performance results from the latest prototype stave built at Berkeley. This new, double-sided prototype is composed of a specialized core structure, in which a shield-less bus tape is embedded in between carbon fiber lay-ups. A detailed description of the prototype and its electrical performance are discussed in detail.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

Coherent Scattering Investigations at the Spallation Neutron Source: a Snowmass White Paper

The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, provides an intense flux of neutrinos in the few tens-of-MeV range, with a sharply-pulsed timing structure that is beneficial for background rejection. In this white paper, we describe how the SNS source can be used for a measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CENNS), and the physics reach of different phases of such an experimental program (CSI: Coherent Scattering Investigations at the SNS).

hep-ex↗
arXiv2013

The LHCb Upgrade

The LHCb experiment is designed to perform high-precision measurements of CP violation and search for New Physics using the enormous flux involving beauty and charm quarks produced at the LHC. The operation and the results obtained from the data collected in 2010 and 2011 demonstrate that the detector is robust and functioning very well. However, the limit of 1 fb^-1 of data per nominal year cannot be overcome without improving the detector. We therefore plan for an upgraded spectrometer by 2018 with a 40 MHz readout and a much more flexible software-based triggering system that will increase the data rate as well as the efficiency specially in the hadronic channels. Here we present the LHCb detector upgrade plans, based on the Letter of Intent and Framework Technical Design Report.

physics.ins-det↗