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arXiv · 0904.3105

The End of Nucleosynthesis: Production of Lead and Thorium in the Early Galaxy

Ian U. Roederer·Karl-Ludwig Kratz·Anna Frebel·Norbert Christlieb·Bernd Pfeiffer·John J. Cowan·Christopher Sneden
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Abstract

We examine the Pb and Th abundances in 27 metal-poor stars (-3.1 < [Fe/H] < -1.4) whose very heavy metal (Z > 56) enrichment was produced only by the rapid (r-) nucleosynthesis process. New abundances are derived from HST/STIS, Keck/HIRES, and VLT/UVES spectra and combined with other measurements from the literature to form a more complete picture of nucleosynthesis of the heaviest elements produced in the r-process. In all cases, the abundance ratios among the rare earth elements and the 3rd r-process peak elements considered (La, Eu, Er, Hf, and Ir) are constant and equivalent to the scaled solar system r-process abundance distribution. We compare the stellar observations with r-process calculations within the classical "waiting-point" approximation. In these computations a superposition of 15 weighted neutron-density components in the range 23 < log(n_n) < 30 is fit to the r-process abundance peaks to successfully reproduce both the stable solar system isotopic distribution and the stable heavy element abundance pattern between Ba and U in low-metallicity stars. Under these astrophysical conditions, which are typical of the "main" r-process, we find very good agreement between the stellar Pb r-process abundances and those predicted by our model. For stars with anomalously high Th/Eu ratios (the so-called actinide boost), our observations demonstrate that any nucleosynthetic deviations from the main r-process affect--at most--only the elements beyond the 3rd r-process peak, namely Pb, Th, and U. Our theoretical calculations also indicate that possible r-process abundance "losses" by nuclear fission are negligible for isotopes along the r-process path between Pb and the long-lived radioactive isotopes of Th and U.

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Ian U. Roederer, Karl-Ludwig Kratz, Anna Frebel, Norbert Christlieb, Bernd Pfeiffer, John J. Cowan, Christopher Sneden. 2009-04-20. The End of Nucleosynthesis: Production of Lead and Thorium in the Early Galaxy. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x%2F698%2F2%2F1963

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