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arXiv · 1707.04606

The Discovery of a Gravitationally Lensed Supernova Ia at Redshift 2.22

David Rubin·Brian Hayden·Xiaosheng Huang·Greg Aldering·Rahman Amanullah·Kyle Barbary·Kyle Boone·Mark Brodwin·Susana E. Deustua·Sam Dixon·Peter Eisenhardt·Andrew S. Fruchter·Anthony H. Gonzalez·Ariel Goobar·Ravi R. Gupta·Isobel Hook·M. James Jee·Alex G. Kim·Marek Kowalski·Chris E. Lidman·Eric Linder·Kyle Luther·Jakob Nordin·Reynald Pain·Saul Perlmutter·Zachary Raha·Mickael Rigault·Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente·Clare M. Saunders·Caroline Sofiatti·Anthony L. Spadafora·S. Adam Stanford·Daniel Stern·Nao Suzuki·Steven C. Williams
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Abstract

We present the discovery and measurements of a gravitationally lensed supernova (SN) behind the galaxy cluster MOO J1014+0038. Based on multi-band Hubble Space Telescope and Very Large Telescope (VLT) photometry of the supernova, and VLT spectroscopy of the host galaxy, we find a 97.5% probability that this SN is a SN Ia, and a 2.5% chance of a CC SN. Our typing algorithm combines the shape and color of the light curve with the expected rates of each SN type in the host galaxy. With a redshift of 2.2216, this is the highest redshift SN Ia discovered with a spectroscopic host-galaxy redshift. A further distinguishing feature is that the lensing cluster, at redshift 1.23, is the most distant to date to have an amplified SN. The SN lies in the middle of the color and light-curve shape distributions found at lower redshift, disfavoring strong evolution to z = 2.22. We estimate an amplification due to gravitational lensing of 2.8+0.6-0.5 (1.10 +- 0.23 mag)---compatible with the value estimated from the weak-lensing-derived mass and the mass-concentration relation from LambdaCDM simulations---making it the most amplified SN Ia discovered behind a galaxy cluster.

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David Rubin, Brian Hayden, Xiaosheng Huang, Greg Aldering, Rahman Amanullah, Kyle Barbary, Kyle Boone, Mark Brodwin, Susana E. Deustua, Sam Dixon, Peter Eisenhardt, Andrew S. Fruchter, Anthony H. Gonzalez, Ariel Goobar, Ravi R. Gupta, Isobel Hook, M. James Jee, Alex G. Kim, Marek Kowalski, Chris E. Lidman, Eric Linder, Kyle Luther, Jakob Nordin, Reynald Pain, Saul Perlmutter, Zachary Raha, Mickael Rigault, Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente, Clare M. Saunders, Caroline Sofiatti, Anthony L. Spadafora, S. Adam Stanford, Daniel Stern, Nao Suzuki, Steven C. Williams. 2017-07-14. The Discovery of a Gravitationally Lensed Supernova Ia at Redshift 2.22. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aad565

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