Searcharxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 1806.08626

The readout supervisor firmware for controlling the upgraded LHCb detector and readout system

Federico Alessio·Paolo Durante·Guillaume Vouters
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

In 2019, the LHCb experiment at CERN will undergo a major upgrade where its detector electronics and the entire readout system will be replaced. The goal is to read-out all events at the full LHC frequency of 40 MHz, reaching a total data rate of ~40 Tb/s. In this context, a new timing, trigger and readout control system has been developed: its main tasks are to distribute centrally the clock, the timing information and to synchronize all elements in the readout system: from the very last Front-End ASIC to the building of events to be stored. The heart of the timing and readout control system is a VHDL firmware core that is now finalized and currently in use in test-benches and test-beams by the upgraded sub-detectors, for their initial commissioning phase. Such firmware core is able to generate all necessary processes to keep the synchronization of all readout elements with the LHC bunch crossing as well as it is able to generate asynchronous commands for calibration or test purposes. It is also able to accommodate for specific recipes to handle varying running conditions, by using a generic and fully configurable approach. In this paper, the philosophy and the implementation behind such firmware are described in details, posing particular emphasis to the real-time logical processes that were developed in order to satisfy the requirements of synchronization and readout control of the upgraded LHCb detector.

Explore related subjects

physics.ins-det

Keep this discovery

BibTeXRIS

Federico Alessio, Paolo Durante, Guillaume Vouters. 2018-06-22. The readout supervisor firmware for controlling the upgraded LHCb detector and readout system. https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.08626

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

High-Speed Semi-FE Readout Module for ATLAS MDT at HL-LHC: Design and Production-Level Characterization

The High-Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) introduces increased demands on the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer, particularly in terms of data throughput, timing distribution and system reliability. The Phase-II Chamber Service Module (CSM) is a key component of the upgraded Monitored Drift Tube (MDT) trigger and readout system, providing a high-speed interface between the front-end electronics and the backend systems. This paper describes the design and implementation of the Phase-II CSM, together with its validation. The results show that the CSM supports two independent optical uplinks, each operating at a line rate of 10.24 Gbps, together with clock distribution and slow control in the expected operating environment. Integration with small-diameter MDT (sMDT) chambers and tests with the prototype L0MDT trigger system are also presented. The CSM boards are now in production and will be used for installation and integration during the upcoming LHC Long Shutdown.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2026

Spectral Discrimination of Deposited Gamma-Ray Energies in a Simulated CeBr$_3$ Scintillator

We show that wavelength measurements of individual detected optical photons may provide additional information about gamma-ray energy deposited in a CeBr$_3$ crystal when the detected-photon-count distributions overlap for nearby gamma-ray energies. Monoenergetic 662 and 629 keV gammas are used in a Geant4 simulation of a $25\times25\times20~\mathrm{mm^3}$ CeBr$_3$ crystal. Assuming a light yield of $6.0\times10^4$ photons/MeV, a wavelength-independent photon-detection efficiency of 30%, and a wavelength resolution of $\sigma_{\lambda}=40$ nm, we find that the fraction of photons reconstructed above 385 nm gives an event-level separation of $\sim$ 2 standard deviations between the 662 and 629 keV event populations selected within the same $\sim$ 1%-wide detected-photon-count interval. No timing or reconstructed interaction-position information is used. The result demonstrates, within the present simulation model, that event-dependent optical spectra can retain energy information beyond an undifferentiated photon count.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2026

Operation of a negative ion gas time projection chamber without electronegative fill gases

The high fidelity reconstruction of particle tracks in micropatterned gaseous time projection chambers renders this technology ideal for future rare-event searches, including direction-sensitive dark matter experiments. Large drift distances are typically required for such experiments, so that the overall spatial resolution is limited by diffusion. Negative ion drift exhibits lower diffusion than electron drift and is thus an attractive option for realising a large-scale detector. The use of electronegative gases to create negative ions introduces technical challenges, most notably a reduction in gain when compared to conventional gas mixtures. In this study, we demonstrate a new method for negative ion generation via dissociative electron attachment using the conventional molecular fill gas CF$_4$. Our optical measurements of negative ion drift indicate electron attachment lengths of $<$1 mm and comparable gain to electron avalanches. The individual negative ion avalanches were also time-resolved, allowing the number of ions reaching the readout to be counted. We measure an improved energy resolution by single ion counting, relative to an integrated electron avalanche signal measured under identical gain conditions.

physics.ins-det↗