arXiv · 2010.14859
Manifestation of the Berry phase in the atomic nucleus $^{213}$Pb
Abstract
The neutron-rich $^{213}$Pb isotope was produced in the fragmentation of a primary 1 GeV $A$ $^{238}$U beam, separated in FRS in mass and atomic number, and then implanted for isomer decay $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy with the RISING setup at GSI. A newly observed isomer and its measured decay properties indicate that states in $^{213}$Pb are characterized by the seniority quantum number that counts the nucleons not in pairs coupled to angular momentum $J=0$. The conservation of seniority is a consequence of the Berry phase associated with particle-hole conjugation, which becomes gauge invariant and therefore observable in semi-magic nuclei where nucleons half-fill the valence shell. The $\gamma$-ray spectroscopic observables in $^{213}$Pb are thus found to be driven by two mechanisms, particle-hole conjugation and seniority conservation, which are intertwined through the Berry phase.
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J. J. Valiente-Dobón, A. Gottardo, G. Benzoni, A. Gadea, S. Lunardi, A. Algora, G. de Angelis, D. Bazzacco, J. Benlliure, P. Boutachkov, A. Bracco, A. M. Bruce, F. Camera, E. Casarejos, M. L. Cortés, F. C. L. Crespi, A. Corsi, C. Domingo-Pardo, M. Doncel, T. Engert, H. Geissel, J. Gerl, N. Goel, M. Górska, J. Grebosz, E. Gregor, T. Habermann, S. Klupp, I. Kojouharov, N. Kurz, S. M. Lenzi, S. Leoni, S. Mandal, R. Menegazzo, D. Mengoni, B. Million, A. I. Morales, D. R. Napoli, F. Naqvi, C. Nociforo, M. Pfutzner, S. Pietri, Zs. Podolyak, A. Prochazka, F. Recchia, P. H. Regan, D. Rudolph, E. Sahin, H. Scha_ner, A. Sharma, B. Sitar, D. Siwal, P. Strmen, I. Szarka, C. A. Ur, P. M. Walker, H. Weick, O. Wieland, H-J. Wollersheim, P. Van Isacker. 2020-10-28. Manifestation of the Berry phase in the atomic nucleus $^{213}$Pb. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136183
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