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arXiv · 2311.00228

Performance limits due to thermal transport in graphene single-photon bolometers

Caleb Fried·B. Jordan Russell·Ethan G. Arnault·Bevin Huang·Gil-Ho Lee·Dirk Englund·Erik A. Henriksen·Kin Chung Fong
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Abstract

In high-sensitivity bolometers and calorimeters, the photon absorption often occurs at a finite distance from the temperature sensor to accommodate antennas or avoid the degradation of superconducting circuitry exposed to radiation. As a result, thermal propagation from the input to the temperature readout can critically affect detector performance. In this report we model the performance of a graphene bolometer, accounting for electronic thermal diffusion and dissipation via electron-phonon coupling at low temperatures in three regimes: clean, supercollision, and resonant scattering. Our results affirm the feasibility of a superconducting readout without Cooper-pair breaking by mid- and near-infrared photons, and provide a recipe for designing graphene absorbers for calorimetric single-photon detectors. We investigate the tradeoff between the input-readout distance and detector efficiency, and predict an intrinsic timing jitter of ~2.7 ps. Based on our result, we propose a spatial-mode-resolving photon detector to increase communication bandwidth.

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Caleb Fried, B. Jordan Russell, Ethan G. Arnault, Bevin Huang, Gil-Ho Lee, Dirk Englund, Erik A. Henriksen, Kin Chung Fong. 2023-11-01. Performance limits due to thermal transport in graphene single-photon bolometers. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.21.014006

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