Poisson kernel and blow-up of the second derivatives near the boundary for Stokes equations with Navier boundary condition

Abstract

We derive the explicit Poisson kernel of Stokes equations in the half space with nonhomogeneous Navier boundary condition (BC) for both infinite and finite slip length. By using this kernel, for any $q>1$, we construct a finite energy solution of Stokes equations with Navier BC in the half space, with bounded velocity and velocity gradient, but having unbounded second derivatives in $L^q$ locally near the boundary. While the Caccioppoli type inequality of Stokes equations with Navier BC is true for the first derivatives of velocity, which is proved by us in [CPAA 2023], this example shows that the corresponding inequality for the second derivatives of the velocity is not true. Moreover, we give an alternative proof of the blow-up using a shear flow example, which is simple and is the solution of both Stokes and Navier--Stokes equations.