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arXiv · 2503.06849

First differential measurement of the single $\mathbf{\pi}^+$ production cross section in neutrino neutral-current scattering

K. Abe·S. Abe·R. Akutsu·H. Alarakia-Charles·Y. I. Alj Hakim·S. Alonso Monsalve·L. Anthony·S. Aoki·K. A. Apte·T. Arai·T. Arihara·S. Arimoto·Y. Ashida·E. T. Atkin·N. Babu·V. Baranov·G. J. Barker·G. Barr·D. Barrow·P. Bates·L. Bathe-Peters·M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak·N. Baudis·V. Berardi·L. Berns·S. Bhattacharjee·A. Blanchet·A. Blondel·S. Bolognesi·S. Bordoni·S. B. Boyd·C. Bronner·A. Bubak·M. Buizza Avanzini·J. A. Caballero·F. Cadoux·N. F. Calabria·S. Cao·S. Cap·D. Carabadjac·S. L. Cartwright·M. P. Casado·M. G. Catanesi·J. Chakrani·A. Chalumeau·A. Chvirova·G. Collazuol·F. Cormier·A. A. L. Craplet·A. Cudd·D. D'ago·C. Dalmazzone·T. Daret·P. Dasgupta·C. Davis·Yu. I. Davydov·G. De Rosa·T. Dealtry·C. Densham·A. Dergacheva·R. Dharmapal Banerjee·F. Di Lodovico·G. Diaz Lopez·S. Dolan·D. Douqa·T. A. Doyle·O. Drapier·K. E. Duffy·J. Dumarchez·P. Dunne·K. Dygnarowicz·A. Eguchi·J. Elias·S. Emery-Schrenk·G. Erofeev·A. Ershova·G. Eurin·D. Fedorova·S. Fedotov·M. Feltre·L. Feng·D. Ferlewicz·A. J. Finch·M. D. Fitton·C. Forza·M. Friend·Y. Fujii·Y. Fukuda·Y. Furui·J. García-Marcos·A. C. Germer·L. Giannessi·C. Giganti·V. Glagolev·M. Gonin·R. González Jiménez·J. González Rosa·E. A. G. Goodman·K. Gorshanov·P. Govindaraj
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Abstract

Since its first observation in the 1970s, neutrino-induced neutral-current single positive pion production (NC1$\pi^+$) has remained an elusive and poorly understood interaction channel. This process is a significant background in neutrino oscillation experiments and studying it further is critical for the physics program of next-generation accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiments. In this Letter we present the first double-differential cross-section measurement of NC1$\pi^+$ interactions using data from the ND280 detector of the T2K experiment collected in $\nu$-beam mode. The measured flux-averaged integrated cross-section is $ \sigma = (6.07 \pm 1.22 )\times 10^{-41} \,\, \text{cm}^2/\text{nucleon}$. We compare the results on a hydrocarbon target to the predictions of several neutrino interaction generators and final-state interaction models. While model predictions agree with the differential results, the data shows a weak preference for a cross-section normalization approximately 30\% higher than predicted by most models studied in this Letter.

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K. Abe, S. Abe, R. Akutsu, H. Alarakia-Charles, Y. I. Alj Hakim, S. Alonso Monsalve, L. Anthony, S. Aoki, K. A. Apte, T. Arai, T. Arihara, S. Arimoto, Y. Ashida, E. T. Atkin, N. Babu, V. Baranov, G. J. Barker, G. Barr, D. Barrow, P. Bates, L. Bathe-Peters, M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, N. Baudis, V. Berardi, L. Berns, S. Bhattacharjee, A. Blanchet, A. Blondel, S. Bolognesi, S. Bordoni, S. B. Boyd, C. Bronner, A. Bubak, M. Buizza Avanzini, J. A. Caballero, F. Cadoux, N. F. Calabria, S. Cao, S. Cap, D. Carabadjac, S. L. Cartwright, M. P. Casado, M. G. Catanesi, J. Chakrani, A. Chalumeau, A. Chvirova, G. Collazuol, F. Cormier, A. A. L. Craplet, A. Cudd, D. D'ago, C. Dalmazzone, T. Daret, P. Dasgupta, C. Davis, Yu. I. Davydov, G. De Rosa, T. Dealtry, C. Densham, A. Dergacheva, R. Dharmapal Banerjee, F. Di Lodovico, G. Diaz Lopez, S. Dolan, D. Douqa, T. A. Doyle, O. Drapier, K. E. Duffy, J. Dumarchez, P. Dunne, K. Dygnarowicz, A. Eguchi, J. Elias, S. Emery-Schrenk, G. Erofeev, A. Ershova, G. Eurin, D. Fedorova, S. Fedotov, M. Feltre, L. Feng, D. Ferlewicz, A. J. Finch, M. D. Fitton, C. Forza, M. Friend, Y. Fujii, Y. Fukuda, Y. Furui, J. García-Marcos, A. C. Germer, L. Giannessi, C. Giganti, V. Glagolev, M. Gonin, R. González Jiménez, J. González Rosa, E. A. G. Goodman, K. Gorshanov, P. Govindaraj. 2025-03-10. First differential measurement of the single $\mathbf{\pi}^+$ production cross section in neutrino neutral-current scattering. https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.06849

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