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arXiv · 2504.08466

Two-media laser threshold magnetometry: A magnetic-field-dependent laser threshold

Yves Rottstaedt·Lukas Lindner·Florian Schall·Felix A. Hahl·Tingpeng Luo·Florentin Reiter·Takeshi Ohshima·Alexander M. Zaitsev·Roman Bek·Marcel Rattunde·Jan Jeske·Rüdiger Quay
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Abstract

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are a promising platform for high-precision magnetometry. In contrast to the use of spontaneous emission in a number of NV-magnetometers, laser threshold magnetometry (LTM) exploits stimulated emission of NV centers by placing an NV-doped diamond inside an optical cavity. The NV laser system is predicted to reach a high magnetic-field-dependent contrast and coherent signal strength, leading to an improved magnetic field sensitivity combined with a high linearity. Here, we consider a two-media setup where the cavity additionally includes a vertical external cavity surface emitting laser. This optically active material compensates cavity losses at \SI{750}{nm} while still allowing for magnetic-field-dependent effects from the NV-diamond. We demonstrate a magnetic-field-dependent laser threshold and investigate the effects of pump laser induced absorption of the diamond. The experimental data is supported by an analytical simulation based on a rate model. Furthermore, we derive a generalized formula to compute the shot-noise-limited magnetic field sensitivity in the regime of high contrast yielding 49.07(33) pT/$\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ for the present setup. Simulations with an optimized NV-diamond suggest that values down to 4.9 ft/$\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ are possible.

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Yves Rottstaedt, Lukas Lindner, Florian Schall, Felix A. Hahl, Tingpeng Luo, Florentin Reiter, Takeshi Ohshima, Alexander M. Zaitsev, Roman Bek, Marcel Rattunde, Jan Jeske, Rüdiger Quay. 2025-04-11. Two-media laser threshold magnetometry: A magnetic-field-dependent laser threshold. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0275216

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