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arXiv · 2504.11220

Test of lepton flavor universality with measurements of $R(D^{+})$ and $R(D^{*+})$ using semileptonic $B$ tagging at the Belle II experiment

Belle II Collaboration·I. Adachi·K. Adamczyk·L. Aggarwal·H. Ahmed·H. Aihara·N. Akopov·S. Alghamdi·M. Alhakami·A. Aloisio·N. Althubiti·K. Amos·M. Angelsmark·N. Anh Ky·C. Antonioli·D. M. Asner·H. Atmacan·T. Aushev·V. Aushev·M. Aversano·R. Ayad·V. Babu·H. Bae·N. K. Baghel·S. Bahinipati·P. Bambade·Sw. Banerjee·S. Bansal·M. Barrett·M. Bartl·J. Baudot·A. Beaubien·F. Becherer·J. Becker·J. V. Bennett·F. U. Bernlochner·V. Bertacchi·M. Bertemes·E. Bertholet·M. Bessner·S. Bettarini·V. Bhardwaj·B. Bhuyan·F. Bianchi·T. Bilka·D. Biswas·A. Bobrov·D. Bodrov·A. Bolz·A. Bondar·J. Borah·A. Boschetti·A. Bozek·M. Bračko·P. Branchini·R. A. Briere·T. E. Browder·A. Budano·S. Bussino·Q. Campagna·M. Campajola·L. Cao·G. Casarosa·C. Cecchi·J. Cerasoli·M. -C. Chang·P. Chang·R. Cheaib·P. Cheema·B. G. Cheon·K. Chilikin·J. Chin·K. Chirapatpimol·H. -E. Cho·K. Cho·S. -J. Cho·S. -K. Choi·S. Choudhury·J. Cochran·I. Consigny·L. Corona·J. X. Cui·E. De La Cruz-Burelo·S. A. De La Motte·G. De Nardo·G. De Pietro·R. de Sangro·M. Destefanis·S. Dey·R. Dhamija·F. Di Capua·J. Dingfelder·Z. Doležal·I. Domínguez Jiménez·T. V. Dong·M. Dorigo·D. Dossett·S. Dubey·K. Dugic·G. Dujany
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Abstract

We report measurements of the ratios of branching fractions ${\cal R}(D^{(*)+}) = \frac{{\cal B}(\overline{B}{}^0 \to D^{(*)+} \,\tau^- \, \overline{\nu}_\tau)}{{\cal B}(\overline{B}{}^0 \to D^{(*)+} \, \ell^- \, \overline{\nu}_\ell)}$, where $\ell$ denotes either an electron or a muon. These ratios test the universality of the charged-current weak interaction. The results are based on a $365\, \mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ data sample collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB $e^+e^-$ collider, which operates at a center-of-mass energy corresponding to the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance, just above the threshold for $B\overline{B}{}$ production. Signal candidates are reconstructed by selecting events in which the companion $B$ meson from the $\Upsilon(4S) \to B\overline{B}{}$ decay is identified in semileptonic modes. The $\tau$ lepton is reconstructed via its leptonic decays. We obtain ${\cal R}(D^+) = 0.418 \pm 0.074 ~({\mathrm{stat}}) \pm 0.051 ~({\mathrm{syst}})$ and ${\cal R}(D^{*+}) = 0.306 \pm 0.034 ~({\mathrm{stat}}) \pm 0.018 ~({\mathrm{syst}})$, which are consistent with world average values. Accounting for the correlation between them, these values differ from the Standard Model expectation by a collective significance of $1.7$ standard deviations.

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Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, K. Adamczyk, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, S. Alghamdi, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, K. Amos, M. Angelsmark, N. Anh Ky, C. Antonioli, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, M. Bartl, J. Baudot, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, V. Bhardwaj, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bolz, A. Bondar, J. Borah, A. Boschetti, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, R. A. Briere, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, Q. Campagna, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M. -C. Chang, P. Chang, R. Cheaib, P. Cheema, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, J. Chin, K. Chirapatpimol, H. -E. Cho, K. Cho, S. -J. Cho, S. -K. Choi, S. Choudhury, J. Cochran, I. Consigny, L. Corona, J. X. Cui, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. De Nardo, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, R. Dhamija, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, D. Dossett, S. Dubey, K. Dugic, G. Dujany. 2025-04-15. Test of lepton flavor universality with measurements of $R(D^{+})$ and $R(D^{*+})$ using semileptonic $B$ tagging at the Belle II experiment. https://doi.org/10.1103/fmn3-h8fy

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