Hierarchical Time Series Forecasting Via Latent Mean Encoding

Alessandro Salatiello; Stefan Birr; Manuel Kunz

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arXiv · 2506.19633

Hierarchical Time Series Forecasting Via Latent Mean Encoding

Alessandro Salatiello·Stefan Birr·Manuel Kunz

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Abstract

Coherently forecasting the behaviour of a target variable across both coarse and fine temporal scales is crucial for profit-optimized decision-making in several business applications, and remains an open research problem in temporal hierarchical forecasting. Here, we propose a new hierarchical architecture that tackles this problem by leveraging modules that specialize in forecasting the different temporal aggregation levels of interest. The architecture, which learns to encode the average behaviour of the target variable within its hidden layers, makes accurate and coherent forecasts across the target temporal hierarchies. We validate our architecture on the challenging, real-world M5 dataset and show that it outperforms established methods, such as the TSMixer model.

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Alessandro Salatiello, Stefan Birr, Manuel Kunz. 2025-06-24. Hierarchical Time Series Forecasting Via Latent Mean Encoding. https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19633

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