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arXiv · 2509.15625

The Rhythm In Anything: Audio-Prompted Drums Generation with Masked Language Modeling

Patrick O'Reilly·Julia Barnett·Hugo Flores García·Annie Chu·Nathan Pruyne·Prem Seetharaman·Bryan Pardo
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Abstract

Musicians and nonmusicians alike use rhythmic sound gestures, such as tapping and beatboxing, to express drum patterns. While these gestures effectively communicate musical ideas, realizing these ideas as fully-produced drum recordings can be time-consuming, potentially disrupting many creative workflows. To bridge this gap, we present TRIA (The Rhythm In Anything), a masked transformer model for mapping rhythmic sound gestures to high-fidelity drum recordings. Given an audio prompt of the desired rhythmic pattern and a second prompt to represent drumkit timbre, TRIA produces audio of a drumkit playing the desired rhythm (with appropriate elaborations) in the desired timbre. Subjective and objective evaluations show that a TRIA model trained on less than 10 hours of publicly-available drum data can generate high-quality, faithful realizations of sound gestures across a wide range of timbres in a zero-shot manner.

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Patrick O'Reilly, Julia Barnett, Hugo Flores García, Annie Chu, Nathan Pruyne, Prem Seetharaman, Bryan Pardo. 2025-09-19. The Rhythm In Anything: Audio-Prompted Drums Generation with Masked Language Modeling. https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15625

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