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arXiv · 2512.11242

Creation of Depth-Confined, Shallow Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond With Tunable Density

Lillian B. Hughes Wyatt·Shreyas Parthasarathy·Isaac Kantor·Casey K. Kim·Lingjie Chen·Taylor A. Morrison·Jeffrey Ahlers·Kunal Mukherjee·Ania C. Bleszynski Jayich
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Abstract

Engineering shallow nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond holds the key to unlocking new advances in nanoscale quantum sensing. We find that the creation of near-surface NVs through delta doping during diamond growth allows for tunable control over both NV depth confinement (with a twofold improvement relative to low-energy ion implantation) and NV density, ultimately resulting in highly-sensitive single defects and ensembles with coherence limited by NV-NV interactions. Additionally, we demonstrate the utility of our shallow delta-doped NVs by imaging magnetism in few-layer CrSBr, a two-dimensional magnet. We anticipate that the control afforded by near-surface delta doping will enable new developments in NV quantum sensing from nanoscale NMR to entanglement-enhanced metrology.

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Lillian B. Hughes Wyatt, Shreyas Parthasarathy, Isaac Kantor, Casey K. Kim, Lingjie Chen, Taylor A. Morrison, Jeffrey Ahlers, Kunal Mukherjee, Ania C. Bleszynski Jayich. 2025-12-12. Creation of Depth-Confined, Shallow Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond With Tunable Density. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0316283

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