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arXiv · 2603.01745

High-Performance Quantum Frequency Conversion from Ultraviolet to Telecom Band

Yi Yang·Bin Wang·Ji-Chao Lin·Yang Gao·Xin Li·Jiu-Peng Chen·Lei Hou·Ye Wang·Yong Wan·Xiu-Ping Xie·Ming-Yang Zheng·Qiang Zhang·Jian-Wei Pan
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Abstract

Quantum frequency conversion (QFC) is essential for bridging the spectral gap between stationary qubits and low-loss optical communication channels. In this work, we demonstrate a short-wavelength-pumping QFC with the first-order quasi-phase matching period of 3.07 um on thin-film lithium niobate, converting ultraviolet photons to the telecom C-band. By constructing a theoretical model that correlates the normalized conversion efficiency with domain defects in the short-period phase-matched waveguide, we found the critical tolerance of domain defects along the waveguide should be $\le 2$ (excluding the ends). Based on this, we achieved a theoretical limit normalized conversion efficiency of 839%/(W*cm^2) for the fundamental guided mode through fabrication optimization. Furthermore, we propose a robust noise suppression strategy for short-wavelength pumping by utilizing the counter-tuning behaviors of difference-frequency generation and spontaneous parametric down-conversion. By combining these advances with ultra-narrowband filtering, we achieve a record-high external efficiency of 28.8% and an ultra-low noise of 35 counts per second. This high-performance QFC connecting ultraviolet and telecom bands satisfies the stringent requirements for long-lived remote ion-ion entanglement in scalable quantum networks [W.-Z. Liu et al., Nature (2026)].

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Yi Yang, Bin Wang, Ji-Chao Lin, Yang Gao, Xin Li, Jiu-Peng Chen, Lei Hou, Ye Wang, Yong Wan, Xiu-Ping Xie, Ming-Yang Zheng, Qiang Zhang, Jian-Wei Pan. 2026-03-02. High-Performance Quantum Frequency Conversion from Ultraviolet to Telecom Band. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.01745

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