COMPOSITE-Stem

Kyle Waters; Lucas Nuzzi; Tadhg Looram; Alessandro Tomasiello; Ariel Ghislain Kemogne Kamdoum; Bikun Li; Damien Sileo; Egor Kretov; Francesco Fournier-Facio; Georgios Soloupis; Haile Kassahun; Hew Wolff; Jiaqi Cai; Lianghui Li; Marc Roth; Mohinder Naiya; Naixu Guo; Qicheng Tang; Richard Wheeler; Samuele Sala; Serguei Popov; Steven Dillmann; Yuqi Li

arXiv · 2604.09836

COMPOSITE-Stem

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Abstract

AI agents hold growing promise for accelerating scientific discovery; yet, a lack of frontier evaluations hinders adoption into real workflows. Expert-written benchmarks have proven effective at measuring AI reasoning, but most at this stage have become saturated and only measure performance on constrained outputs. To help address this gap, we introduce COMPOSITE-STEM, a benchmark of 70 expert-written tasks in physics, biology, chemistry, and mathematics, curated by doctoral-level researchers. Our benchmark combines exact-match grading and criterion-based rubrics with an LLM-as-a-jury grading protocol, allowing more flexible assessment of scientifically meaningful outputs. Using an adapted multimodal Terminus-2 agent harness within the Harbor agentic evaluation framework, we evaluate four frontier models. The top-performing model achieves 21%, demonstrating that COMPOSITE-STEM captures capabilities beyond current agent reach. All tasks are open-sourced with contributor permission to support reproducibility and to promote additional research towards AI's acceleration of scientific progress in these domains.

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Kyle Waters, Lucas Nuzzi, Tadhg Looram, Alessandro Tomasiello, Ariel Ghislain Kemogne Kamdoum, Bikun Li, Damien Sileo, Egor Kretov, Francesco Fournier-Facio, Georgios Soloupis, Haile Kassahun, Hew Wolff, Jiaqi Cai, Lianghui Li, Marc Roth, Mohinder Naiya, Naixu Guo, Qicheng Tang, Richard Wheeler, Samuele Sala, Serguei Popov, Steven Dillmann, Yuqi Li. 2026-04-10. COMPOSITE-Stem. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.09836

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