High-contrast aperture masking interferometry: detecting companions within the diffraction limit

Benjamin Calvin; Michael Fitzgerald; Jessica Castellanos

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arXiv · 2608.20456

High-contrast aperture masking interferometry: detecting companions within the diffraction limit

Benjamin Calvin·Michael Fitzgerald·Jessica Castellanos

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Abstract

The pursuit of the direct discovery and characterization of Earth-like exoplanets has motivated high contrast imaging surveys using coronagraphs with narrow inner working angles. Traditional imaging methods, however, are limited by the size of the on-axis PSF and typically only detect companions at angular separations of > 2$\lambda$/D. Meanwhile, non-redundant masking (NRM) techniques have been used with single-aperture telescopes to interferometrically resolve astrophysical features at angular scales within the diffraction limit, but NRM interferometry faces sensitivity issues for high-contrast objects. In this project, we investigate utilizing high contrast coronagraphy in conjunction with NRM interferometry. We conduct a preliminary investigation of this combined architecture with the goal of determining the potential bounds of performance and discovery space for high-contrast targets within the inner working angle of traditional high-contrast imaging. We predict an improvement in the achievable contrast for photon-limited observations by combining the techniques, and we also develop estimates for wavefront stability requirements for the system.

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Benjamin Calvin, Michael Fitzgerald, Jessica Castellanos. 2026-08-20. High-contrast aperture masking interferometry: detecting companions within the diffraction limit. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.20456

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