Nondegeneracy of the Sadovskii vortex

Abstract

We prove nondegeneracy, modulo horizontal translation, of the normalized Sadovskii vortex patch. Building on the free-boundary and root-map framework developed by Huang and Tong, we first obtain a precise quantitative approximation of an exact Sadovskii profile, trapping its free boundary between two explicit barriers constructed around a rational approximation. This localization is then used to control the natural weighted quadratic form at the touching configuration. In the odd class, a ground-state identity shows that horizontal translation is the only zero mode. In the even class, dilation gives a negative direction, while a finite-rank comparison on a compact part of the boundary together with analytic contact-tail estimates yields a positive gap on a codimension-one subspace. Consequently, the Sadovskii dipole is locally rigid at the linearized level once translation is fixed. The computer-assisted part is confined to rigorous interval verification of a finite collection of explicit inequalities; the continuum, contact and operator reductions are proved analytically.