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arXiv · 2609.20303

Viveka-Insight: a cross-lingual concept graph and citation-grounded retrieval resource over the complete works of Swami Vivekananda in English and Bengali

Tamal Maharaj
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Abstract

Classical philosophical corpora pose three compounding challenges for language resources: they exist in several languages without parallel alignment, their vocabulary is remote from that of contemporary readers, and generated text over culturally sensitive material must be verifiably grounded. We present Viveka-Insight, a bilingual resource and open-source pipeline for the works of Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902): the nine-volume English Complete Works and the ten-volume Bengali Vani o Rachana, two related but non-parallel corpora of about 15 million characters. Four layers are released: (i) a structure-preserving parse (32,694 paragraphs, 168,842 sentences) with per-paragraph anchors deep-linking into the published editions; (ii) a cross-lingual concept graph of 8,362 language-agnostic concepts with 87,518 relation-typed paragraph-concept and 55,872 concept-concept edges, in which canonical English labels act as a string-equality key linking Bengali and English passages with no parallel data; (iii) a bilingual alias inventory of 60,850 surface forms (30,053 English, 30,797 Bengali); and (iv) a human-annotated set of 200 paragraph-concept edges judged by three annotators, released with all per-annotator judgments. We report known-item cross-lingual retrieval over 194 verified rendered lecture pairs (Recall@10 0.86 in both directions), a 30-question audit of citation integrity and modern-question bridging, and a human study placing concept-extraction precision at 0.60 under strict two-annotator consensus (Cohen's kappa = 0.61). The extractor's confidence weight is calibrated: restricting to weight >= 0.8 raises precision to 0.71 while retaining 98% of concept-bearing paragraphs. Precision is markedly lower in Bengali than English (0.54 vs 0.68), locating the weakness in exactly the half that cross-lingual access depends on. The design transfers to other multilingual classical corpora.

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Tamal Maharaj. 2026-07-30. Viveka-Insight: a cross-lingual concept graph and citation-grounded retrieval resource over the complete works of Swami Vivekananda in English and Bengali. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20303

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