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arXiv · 2610.28380

Object-Oriented Harness: Evolving Agent Harnesses through Object-Oriented Design

Gaotang Li·Bhavana Dalvi Mishra·Yifei Ming·Yanfei Chen·Zhongying CuiZhu·Lesly Miculicich·Long T. Le·Rui Meng·Chun-Liang Li·Hanghang Tong·Chen-Yu Lee·Tomas Pfister
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Abstract

Agent harnesses are executable code that specifies the prompts, tools, and control flow around a language model. A single global harness can struggle with heterogeneous tasks that require different execution strategies. In this work, we introduce Object-Oriented Harness (OO-Harness), a harness optimization framework that evolves a hierarchy of executable harness classes using object-oriented design. During training, an evolution agent uses execution records to create a family of specialized harnesses, each implemented as a subclass of the base or an existing specialized harness via inheritance. At test time, a harness router uses routing lessons accumulated during training to select a specific harness for each task. Across three long-horizon benchmarks spanning business workflows, workspace tasks, and tool use, OO-Harness achieves the best performance among the compared methods, with an absolute improvement of up to 15% over the base. Extensive ablation studies examine the contributions of its core components.

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Gaotang Li, Bhavana Dalvi Mishra, Yifei Ming, Yanfei Chen, Zhongying CuiZhu, Lesly Miculicich, Long T. Le, Rui Meng, Chun-Liang Li, Hanghang Tong, Chen-Yu Lee, Tomas Pfister. 2026-10-20. Object-Oriented Harness: Evolving Agent Harnesses through Object-Oriented Design. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28380

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