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Dynamics of dark solitons in elongated Bose-Einstein condensates

A. E. Muryshev·G. V. Shlyapnikov·W. Ertmer·K. Sengstock·M. Lewenstein
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Abstract

We find two types of moving dark soliton textures in elongated Bose-Einstein condensates: non-stationary kinks and proper dark solitons. The former have a curved notch region and rapidly decay by emitting phonons and/or proper dark solitons. The proper moving solitons are characterized by a flat notch region and we obtain the diagram of their dynamical stability. At finite temperatures the dynamically stable solitons decay due to the thermodynamic instability. We develop a theory of their dissipative dynamics and explain experimental data.

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A. E. Muryshev, G. V. Shlyapnikov, W. Ertmer, K. Sengstock, M. Lewenstein. 2001-11-27. Dynamics of dark solitons in elongated Bose-Einstein condensates. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.89.110401

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