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Possible chiral phase transition in two-dimensional solid $^3$He

Tsutomu Momoi·Kenn Kubo·Koji Niki
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Abstract

We study a spin system with two- and four-spin exchange interactions on the triangular lattice, which is a possible model for the nuclear magnetism of solid $^3$He layers. It is found that a novel spin structure with scalar chiral order appears if the four-spin interaction is dominant. Ground-state properties are studied using the spin-wave approximation. A phase transition concerning the scalar chirality occurs at a finite temperature, even though the dimensionality of the system is two and the interaction has isotropic spin symmetry. Critical properties of this transition are studied with Monte Carlo simulations in the classical limit.

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Tsutomu Momoi, Kenn Kubo, Koji Niki. 1997-08-19. Possible chiral phase transition in two-dimensional solid $^3$He. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.79.2081

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