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A. Sharma

Publications and source records attributed to A. Sharma.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
arXiv2010

Construction of the first full-size GEM-based prototype for the CMS high-$η$ muon system

In view of a possible extension of the forward CMS muon detector system and future LHC luminosity upgrades, Micro-Pattern Gas Detectors (MPGDs) are an appealing technology. They can simultaneously provide precision tracking and fast trigger information, as well as sufficiently fine segmentation to cope with high particle rates in the high-eta region at LHC and its future upgrades. We report on the design and construction of a full-size prototype for the CMS endcap system, the largest Triple-GEM detector built to-date. We present details on the 3D modeling of the detector geometry, the implementation of the readout strips and electronics, and the detector assembly procedure.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2010

\textit{Additional} carrier-mediated ferromagnetism in GdN

The mechanism behind ferromagnetic exchange interaction in GdN is not well understood. It has been argued that it can be due to fourth order cross process of \textit{d-f} mixing and \textit{d-f} exchange. An alternative explanation suggests an anti- ferromagnetic interaction between Gd \textit{d} and N \textit{p} induced moments on the rock salt structure which aligns the nearest neighbor Gd \textit{f} moments ferromagnetically through the \textit{d-f} exchange. In this paper we present results of Curie temperature in GdN as a function of carrier density calculated within our multiband modified RKKY- like exchange interaction. It includes realistic bandstructure of the 5\textit{d} conduction band as an input for single particle energies. We analyze the possibility of carrier- mediated ferromagnetism in GdN and also demonstrate a simple phenomenological model which justifies the role of charge carriers.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2009

Sensitivity of Ag/Al Interface Specific Resistances to Interfacial Intermixing

We have measured an Ag/Al interface specific resistance, 2AR(Ag/Al)(111) = 1.4 fOhm-m^2, that is twice that predicted for a perfect interface, 50% larger than for a 2 ML 50%-50% alloy, and even larger than our newly predicted 1.3 fOhmm^2 for a 4 ML 50%-50% alloy. Such a large value of 2ARAg/Al(111) confirms a predicted sensitivity to interfacial disorder and suggests an interface greater than or equal to 4 ML thick. From our calculations, a predicted anisotropy ratio, 2AR(Ag/Al)(001)/2AR(Ag/Al)(111), of more then 4 for a perfect interface, should be reduced to less than 2 for a 4 ML interface, making it harder to detect any such anisotropy.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2008

Point-contact search for antiferromagnetic giant magnetoresistance

We report the first measurements of effects of large current densities on current-perpendicular-to-plane magnetoresistance (MR) of magnetic multilayers containing two antiferromagnetic layers separated by a non-magnetic layer. These measurements were intended to search for a recently predicted antiferromagnetic giant magnetoresistance (AGMR) similar to GMR seen in multilayers containing two ferromagnetic layers separated by a non-magnetic layer. We report on MR measurements for current injected from point contacts into sandwiches containing different combinations of layers of F = CoFe and AFM = FeMn. In addition to: AFM/N/AFM, F/AFM/N/AFM, and F/AFM/N/AFM/F structures, initial results led us to examine also AFM/F/N/AFM, F/AFM, and single F- and AFM-layer structures. At low currents, no MR was observed in any samples, and no MR was observed at any current densities in samples containing only AFMs. Together, these results indicate that no AGMR is present in these samples. In samples containing F-layers, high current densities sometimes produced a small positive MR - largest resistance at high fields. For a given contact resistance, this MR was usually larger for thicker F-layers, and for a given current, it was usually larger for larger contact resistances (smaller contacts). We tentatively attribute this positive MR to suppression at high currents of spin accumulation induced around and within the F-layers.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2008

Spin-Diffusion Lengths in Dilute Cu(Ge) and Ag(Sn) Alloys

We use current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) exchange-biased spin-valves to directly measure spin diffusion lengths lsf for N = Cu(2.1 at.%Ge) and Ag(3.6 at.%Sn) alloys. We find lsf(Cu2%Ge)) = 117+10-6 nm and lsf(Ag4%Sn)= 39 +/- 3 nm. The good agreement of this lsf(Cu2%Ge) with the value lsf(Cu2%Ge) = 121 +/- 10 nm derived from an independent spin-orbit cross-section measurement for Ge in Cu, quantitatively validates the use of Valet-Fert theory for CPP-MR data analysis to layer thicknesses several times larger than had been done before. From the value of lsf(Ag4%Sn), we predict the ESR spin-orbit cross-section for Sn impurities in Ag.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2008

Ferromagnetism in multi-band Kondo lattice model

The ferromagnetic spin exchange interaction between the itinerant electrons and localized moments on a periodic lattice, studied within the so-called Kondo lattice model (KLM), is considered for multiband situation where the hopping integral is a matrix, in general. The modified RKKY theory, wherein one can map such a model onto an effective Heisenberg-like system, is extended to a multi-band case with finite bandwidth and hybridization on a simple cubic lattice. As an input for the evaluation of the effective exchange integrals, one requires the multi-band electronic self energy which is taken from an earlier proposed ansatz. Using the above procedure, we determine the magnetic properties of the system like Curie temperature while calculating the chemical potential and magnetization within a self consistent scheme for various values of system parameters. The results are discussed in detail and the model is motivated in order to study the electronic, transport and magnetic properties of real materials like GdN.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2008

Studies of Effects of Current on Exchange-Bias: A Brief Review

MacDonald and co-workers recently predicted that high current densities could affect the magnetic order of antiferromagnetic (AFM) multilayers, in ways similar to those that occur in ferromagnetic (F) multilayers, and that changes in AFM magnetic order can produce an antiferromagnetic Giant Magnetoresistance (AGMR). Four groups have now studied current-driven effects on exchange bias at F/AFM interfaces. In this paper, we first briefly review the main predictions by MacDonald and co-workers, and then the results of experiments on exchange bias that these predictions stimulated.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2007

Ballistic vs Diffusive Transport in Current-Induced Magnetization Switching

We test whether current-induced magnetization switching due to spin-transfer-torque in ferromagnetic/non-magnetic/ferromagnetic (F/N/F) trilayers changes significantly when scattering within the N-metal layers is changed from ballistic to diffusive. Here ballistic corresponds to a ratio r = lambda/t greater than or equal to 3 for a Cu spacer layer, and diffusive to r = lambda/t less than or equal to 0.4 for a CuGe alloy spacer layer, where lambda is the mean-free-path in the N-layer of fixed thickness t = 10 nm. The average switching currents for the alloy spacer layer are only modestly larger than those for Cu. The best available model predicts a much greater sensitivity of the switching currents to diffuse scattering in the spacer layer than we see.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2006

Temperature dependent electronic correlation effects in GdN

We investigate temperature dependent electronic correlation effects in the conduction bands of Gadolinium Nitride (GdN) based on the combination of many body analysis of the multi-band Kondo lattice model and the first principles TB-LMTO bandstructure calculations. The physical properties like the quasi-particle density of states (Q-DOS), spectral density (SD) and quasi-particle bandstructure (Q-BS) are calculated and discussed. The results can be compared with spin and angle resolved inverse photoemission spectroscopy (ARIPS) of the conduction bands of GdN. A redshift of 0.34 eV of the lower band edge (T=$T_{c}$ $\to$ T=0) is obtained and found in close comparison with earlier theoretical prediction and experimental value reported in the literature.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2006

Spin transfer in an antiferromagnet

An electrical current can transfer spin angular momentum to a ferromagnet. This novel physical phenomenon, called spin transfer, offers unprecedented spatial and temporal control over the magnetic state of a ferromagnet and has tremendous potential in a broad range of technologies, including magnetic memory and recording. Recently, it has been predicted that spin transfer is not limited to ferromagnets, but can also occur in antiferromagnetic materials and even be stronger under some conditions. In this paper we demonstrate transfer of spin angular momentum across an interface between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic metals. The spin transfer is mediated by an electrical current of high density (~10^12 A/m^2) and revealed by variation in the exchange bias at the ferromagnet/antiferromagnet interface. We find that, depending on the polarity of the electrical current flowing across the interface, the strength of the exchange bias can either increase or decrease. This finding is explained by the theoretical prediction that a spin polarized current generates a torque on magnetic moments in the antiferromagnet. Current-mediated variation of exchange bias can be used to control the magnetic state of spin-valve devices, e.g., in magnetic memory applications.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2005

Correlation effects in the valence bands of ferromagnetic semiconductor EuS

We present a many body analysis of the multi-band Kondo lattice model. The study is then combined with the first principles TB-LMTO band structure calculations, in order to investigate the temperature dependent correlation effects in the 3$\textit{p}$ valence bands of the ferromagnetic semiconductor EuS. Some of the physical properties of interest like the quasi-particle density of states (Q-DOS), spectral density (SD) and quasi-particle band structure (Q-BS) are calculated and discussed. Therewith, we propose a spin resolved ARPES of the valence bands of EuS to be performed.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2002

The STAR Photon Multiplicity Detector

Details concerning the design, fabrication and performance of STAR Photon Multiplicity Detector (PMD) are presented. The PMD will cover the forward region, within the pseudorapidity range 2.3--3.5, behind the forward time projection chamber. It will measure the spatial distribution of photons in order to study collective flow, fluctuation and chiral symmetry restoration.

nucl-ex↗
arXiv2001

Templeting of Thin Films Induced by Dewetting on Patterned Surfaces

The instability, dynamics and morphological transitions of patterns in thin liquid films on periodic striped surfaces (consisting of alternating less and more wettable stripes) are investigated based on 3-D nonlinear simulations that account for the inter-site hydrodynamic and surface-energetic interactions. The film breakup is suppressed on some potentially destabilizing nonwettable sites when their spacing is below a characteristic lengthscale of the instability, the upper bound for which is close to the spinodal lengthscale. The thin film pattern replicates the substrate surface energy pattern closely only when, (a) the periodicity of substrate pattern matches closely with the characteristic lengthscale, and (b) the stripe-width is within a range bounded by a lower critical length, below which no heterogeneous rupture occurs, and an upper transition length above which complex morphological features bearing little resemblance to the substrate pattern are formed.

cond-mat.soft↗
arXiv1997

Three-Quark Bethe-Salpeter Vertex Function Under Pairwise Gluon-Exchange-Like Interaction : Application to n-p Mass Difference

A qqq BSE formalism based on an input 4-fermion Lagrangian of `current' u,d quarks, is employed for the construction of a relativistic qqq-wave function) via the BSE. Chiral invariance is ensured by the vector character of the gluonic propagator in the infrared regime, while the `constituent' masses are the low momentum limits of the dynamicalmass function generated by standard DBχ. The Covariant Instantaneity Ansatz (CIA) gives an exact 3D reduction of the BSE for baryon spectroscopy, while the reconstructed 4D form identifies the baryon quark vertex function reconstructed through a reversal of steps offered by the CIA structure. It is employed for the quark loop integrals for the neutron - proton mass difference which receives contributions from two sources : i) the strong SU(2) effect arising from the $u-d$ mass difference (4 MeV); ii) the e.m. effect of the respective quark charges. The resultant n-p difference works out at 1.28 MeV (vs. 1.29 expt), with only two free parameters characterizing the infrared structure of the gluonic propagator, precalibrated via a common fit to meson and baryonspectra plus several other observable amplitudes. (PACS : 11.10 st ; 12.35 Ht ; 12.70 + q)

hep-ph↗