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A. W. Thomas

Publications and source records attributed to A. W. Thomas.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
arXiv2012

Production of $Ξ^-$-hypernuclei via the ($K^-,K^+$) reaction in a quark-meson coupling model

We study the production of $Ξ^-$-hypernuclei, $^{12}_{Ξ^{-}}$Be and $^{28}_{Ξ^{-}}$Mg, via the ($K^-,K^+$) reaction within a covariant effective Lagrangian model, employing the bound $Ξ^-$ and proton spinors calculated by the latest quark-meson coupling model. The present treatment yields the $0^\circ$ differential cross sections for the formation of simple s-state $Ξ^-$ particle-hole states peak at a beam momentum around 1.0 GeV/c with a value in excess of 1 $μ$b.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2012

Baryon resonances and hadronic interactions in a finite volume

In a finite volume, resonances and multi-hadron states are identified by discrete energy levels. When comparing the results of lattice QCD calculations to scattering experiments, it is important to have a way of associating the energy spectrum of the finite-volume lattice with the asymptotic behaviour of the S-matrix. A new technique for comparing energy eigenvalues with scattering phase shifts is introduced, which involves the construction of an exactly solvable matrix Hamiltonian model. The model framework is applied to the case of $Δ\rightarrow Nπ$ decay, but is easily generalized to include multi-channel scattering. Extracting resonance parameters involves matching the energy spectrum of the model to that of a lattice QCD calculation. The resulting fit parameters are then used to generate phase shifts. Using a sample set of pseudodata, it is found that the extraction of the resonance position is stable with respect to volume for a variety of regularization schemes, and compares favorably with the well-known Luescher method. The model-dependence of the result is briefly investigated.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2012

Octet baryon electromagnetic form factors in nuclear medium

We study the octet baryon electromagnetic form factors in nuclear matter using the covariant spectator quark model extended to the nuclear matter regime. The parameters of the model in vacuum are fixed by the study of the octet baryon electromagnetic form factors. In nuclear matter the changes in hadron properties are calculated by including the relevant hadron masses and the modification of the pion-baryon coupling constants calculated in the quark-meson coupling model. In nuclear matter the magnetic form factors of the octet baryons are enhanced in the low $Q^2$ region, while the electric form factors show a more rapid variation with $Q^2$. The results are compared with the modification of the bound proton electromagnetic form factors observed at Jefferson Lab. In addition, the corresponding changes for the bound neutron are predicted.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2012

Gamma-Z box corrections to weak charges of heavy nuclei in atomic parity violation

We present a new dispersive formulation of the gamma-Z box radiative corrections to weak charges of bound protons and neutrons in atomic parity violation (APV) measurements on heavy nuclei such as 133-Cs and 213-Ra. We evaluate for the first time a small but important additional correction arising from Pauli blocking of nucleons in a heavy nucleus. Overall, we find a significant shift in the gamma-Z correction to the weak charge of 133-Cs, approximately 4 times larger than the current uncertainty on the value of sin^2(theta_W), but with a reduced error compared to earlier estimates.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2012

Chiral extrapolation of nucleon magnetic moments at next-to-leading-order

Nucleon magnetic moments display a rich nonanalytic dependence on the quark mass in both quenched and full QCD. They provide a forum for a detailed examination of the connection between quenched and full QCD made possible through the formalism of finite-range regularised chiral effective field theory. By defining meson-cloud and core contributions through the careful selection of a regularisation scale, one can correct the meson cloud of quenched QCD to make full QCD predictions. Whereas past success is based on unquenching the leading-order loop contributions, here we extend and test the formalism including next to leading-order (NLO) loop contributions. We discuss the subtleties associated with working at NLO and illustrate the role of higher-order corrections.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2012

Variations of nuclear binding with quark masses

We investigate the variation with light quark mass of the mass of the nucleon as well as the masses of the mesons commonly used in a one-boson-exchange model of the nucleon-nucleon force. Care is taken to evaluate the meson mass shifts at the kinematic point relevant to that problem. Using these results, the corresponding changes in the energy of the 1 S0 anti-bound state, the binding energies of the deuteron, triton and selected finite nuclei are evaluated using a one-boson exchange model. The results are discussed in the context of possible corrections to the standard scenario for big bang nucleosynthesis in the case where, as suggested by recent observations of quasar absorption spectra, the quark masses may have changed over the age of the Universe.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2012

Comment on "Taming the pion cloud of the nucleon"

In a recent Letter, Alberg and Miller presented a calculation of the pion contributions to the self-energy of the nucleon computed from a pseudoscalar (PS) pion-nucleon interaction, with the claim that the result would be equivalent to that with the pseudovector (PV) form. We demonstrate that the PV and PS pion-nucleon couplings do in fact lead to different results for the self-energy. In particular, for the model-independent, leading nonanalytic behavior of the self-energy, the PV theory yields the well-known m_π^3 dependence in the chiral limit, while the PS interaction involves an additional, lower-order term ~ m_π^2 log(m_π^2).

nucl-th↗
arXiv2012

Equivalence of pion loops in equal-time and light-front dynamics

We demonstrate the equivalence of the light-front and equal-time formulations of pionic corrections to nucleon properties. As a specific example, we consider the self-energy of a nucleon dressed by pion loops, for both pseudovector and pseudoscalar pion-nucleon couplings. We derive the leading and next-to-leading nonanalytic behavior of the self-energy on the light-front, and show explicitly their equivalence in the rest frame and infinite momentum frame in equal-time quantization, as well as in a manifestly covariant formulation.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2012

Sigma terms from an SU(3) chiral extrapolation

We report a new analysis of lattice simulation results for octet baryon masses in 2+1-flavor QCD, with an emphasis on a precise determination of the strangeness nucleon sigma term. A controlled chiral extrapolation of a recent PACS-CS Collaboration data set yields baryon masses which exhibit remarkable agreement both with experimental values at the physical point and with the results of independent lattice QCD simulations at unphysical meson masses. Using the Feynman-Hellmann relation, we evaluate sigma commutators for all octet baryons. The small statistical uncertainty, and considerably smaller model-dependence, allows a signifcantly more precise determination of the pion-nucleon sigma commutator and the strangeness sigma term than hitherto possible, namely σπN=45 \pm 6 MeV and σs = 21 \pm 6 MeV at the physical point.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2012

Volume Dependence of the Axial Charge of the Nucleon

It is shown that the strong volume-dependence of the axial charge of the nucleon seen in lattice QCD calculations can be understood quantitatively in terms of the pion-induced interactions between neighbouring nucleons. The associated wave function renormalization leads to an increased suppression of the axial charge as the strength of the interaction increases, either because of a decrease in lattice size or in pion mass.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2012

Effect of a $Λ$ impurity in doubly magic nuclei

We study the effect of a $Λ$ hyperon immersed in the doubly magic nuclei, $^{16}$O, $^{40}$Ca, $^{48}$Ca, and $^{208}$Pb, as well as the neutron magic nucleus $^{90}$Zr. For a $Λ$ in the $1s$ and $1p$ states in $^{17}_Λ$O, $^{41}_Λ$Ca, $^{49}_Λ$Ca, $^{91}_Λ$Zr, and $^{209}_Λ$Pb, we compare the single-particle energies and density distributions of the core nucleons with those of the nuclei without the $Λ$, as well as the point proton and neutron radii. A remarkable finding is that the bound $Λ$ induces a significant asymmetry in the proton-neutron density distributions in the core nucleus. This in turn gives rise to an appreciable, iso-vector mean field. As a consequence, the neutrons in the core are more attracted to the center of the nucleus, while the protons are pushed away, in comparison with those in the corresponding nucleus without the $Λ$.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2012

Charge Symmetry Breaking in Spin Dependent Parton Distributions and the Bjorken Sum Rule

We present the first determination of charge symmetry violation (CSV) in the spin-dependent parton distribution functions of the nucleon. This is done by determining the first two Mellin moments of the spin-dependent parton distribution functions of the octet baryons from N_f = 2 + 1 lattice simulations. The results are compared with predictions from quark models of nucleon structure. We discuss the contribution of partonic spin CSV to the Bjorken sum rule, which is important because the CSV contributions represent the only partonic corrections to the Bjorken sum rule.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2012

Parity-violating DIS and the flavour dependence of the EMC effect

Isospin-dependent nuclear forces play a fundamental role in nuclear structure. In relativistic models of nuclear structure constructed at the quark level these isovector nuclear forces affect the u and d quarks differently, leading to non-trivial flavour dependent modifications of the nuclear parton distributions. We explore the effect of isospin dependent forces for parity-violating deep inelastic scattering on nuclear targets and demonstrate that the cross-sections for nuclei with N /= Z are sensitive to the flavour dependence of the EMC effect. Indeed, for nuclei like lead and gold we find that these flavour dependent effects are large.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2012

Strangeness in the nucleon: what have we learned?

We review the state of our knowledge concerning the contribution of strange quarks to various nucleon properties. In the case of the electric and magnetic form factors, the level of agreement between theory and experiment is very satisfactory and gives us considerable confidence in our capacity to make reliable calculations within non-perturbative QCD. In view of the importance of the scalar form factors to the detection of dark matter candidates such as neutralinos, we place a particular emphasis on the determination of the pi-N and strange quark sigma commutators.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2012

Production of cascade hypernuclei via the (K-,K+) reaction within a quark-meson coupling model

We study the production of bound cascade hypernuclei via the (K-,K+) reaction on 12C and 28Si targets within a covariant effective Lagrangian model, employing the cascade bound state spinors derived from the latest quark-meson coupling model as well as Dirac single particle wave functions. The K+-cascade production vertex is described by excitation, propagation and decay of Lambda and Sigma resonance states in the initial collision of a K- meson with a target proton in the incident channel. The parameters of the resonance vertices are fixed by describing the available data on total and differential cross sections for the cascade production in elementary (K-,K+) reaction. We find that both the elementary and hypernuclear production cross sections are dominated by the contributions from the Lambda(1520) intermediate resonant state. The 0 degree differential cross sections for the formation of simple s-state cascade particle-hole states peak at a beam momentum around 1.0 GeV/c, with a value in excess of 1 mub.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2011

Strange quarks and lattice QCD

The last few years have seen a dramatic improvement in our knowledge of the strange form factors of the nucleon. With regard to the vector from factors the level of agreement between theory and experiment gives us considerable confidence in our ability to calculate with non-perturbative QCD. The calculation of the strange scalar form factor has moved significantly in the last two years, with the application of new techniques which yield values considerably smaller than believed for the past 20 years. These new values turn out to have important consequences for the detection of neutralinos, a favourite dark matter candidate. Finally, very recent lattice studies have resurrected interest in the famed H-dibaryon, with modern chiral extrapolation of lattice data suggesting that it may be only slightly unbound. We review some of the major sources of uncertainty in that chiral extrapolation.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2011

The Determination of $\sin^2 θ_W$ in Neutrino Scattering: no more anomaly

We review the corrections to the NuTeV determination of sin2 qW, concluding that it is no longer appropriate to present it as an "anomaly". Indeed, when well understood corrections associated with charge symmetry violation and the iso-vector nuclear force are properly included, the measurement is completely consistent with the Standard Model.

hep-ph↗