arXiv subjects

Etsuko Itou

Publications and source records attributed to Etsuko Itou.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2019

Themodynamics for pure SU($2$) gauge theory using gradient flow

We study the equation of state of pure SU($2$) gauge theory using Monte Carlo simulations. The scale-setting of lattice parameters has been carried by using the gradient flow. We propose a reference scale $t_0$ for the SU($2$) gauge theory satisfying $t^2 \langle E \rangle|_{t=t_0} =0.1$, which is fixed by a natural scaling-down of the standard $t_0$-scale for the SU($3$) case based on perturbative analyses. We also show the thermodynamic quantities as a function of $T/T_c$, which are derived by the energy-momentum tensor using the small flow-time expansion of the gradient flow.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2018

Topology of two-color QCD at low temperature and high density

The chemical potential ($μ$) dependence of the topological susceptibility with two-color two-flavor QCD is studied. We find that at temperature $T \approx T_c /2$, where $T_c$ denotes the critical temperature at zero chemical potential, the topological susceptibility is almost constant throughout $0 \leq aμ\lesssim 1.0$, while at $T\approx T_c$, it decreases significantly from the $μ=0$ value in a high $μ$ regime. In this work, we perform the simulation for $μ/T \le 16$, which covers even the low temperature and the high chemical potential regime. In this regime, we introduce a diquark source term, which is characterized by $j$, into the action. We also show our results for the phase diagram in a low temperature regime ($T\approx T_c/2$), which is obtained after taking the $j \to 0$ limit of the diquark condensate and the Polyakov loop.

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arXiv2018

Thermodynamics for SU(2) pure gauge theory using gradient flow

We present the scale-setting function and the equation of state of the pure SU(2) gauge theory using the gradient flow method. We propose a reference scale t0 for the SU(2) gauge theory satisfying $t^2\langle E \rangle|_{t=t_0} = 0.1$. This reference value is fixed by a natural scaling-down of the standard t0-scale for the SU(3) gauge theory based on the perturbative analyses. We also show the thermodynamic quantities as a function of $T/T_c$, which are derived by the energy-momentum tensor using the small flow time expansion of the gradient flow.

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arXiv2017

QCD Thermodynamics on the Lattice from the Gradient Flow

To obtain the precise values of the bulk quantities and transport coefficients in quark-gluon-plasma phase, we propose that a direct calculation of the renormalized energy-momentum tensor (EMT) on the lattice using the gradient flow. From one-point function of EMT, authors in Ref.[1] obtained the interaction measure and thermal entropy. The results are consistent with the one obtained by the integral method. Based on the success, we try to measure the two-point function of EMT, which is related to the transport coefficients. Advantages of our method are (1) a clear signal because of the smearing effects of the gradient flow and (2) no need to calculate the wave function renormalization of EMT. In addition, we give a short remark on a comparison of the numerical cost between the positive- and adjoint-flow methods for fermions, needed to obtain the EMT in the (2+1) flavor QCD.

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arXiv2016

Entanglement entropy for pure gauge theories in 1+1 dimensions using the lattice regularization

We study the entanglement entropy (EE) for pure gauge theories in 1+1 dimensions with the lattice regularization. Using the definition of the EE for lattice gauge theories proposed in a previous paper [1] (S. Aoki, T. Iritani, M. Nozaki, T. Numasawa, N. Shiba and H. Tasaki, JHEP 1506 (2015) 187), we calculate the EE for arbitrary pure as well as mixed states in terms of eigenstates of the transfer matrix in 1+1 dimensional lattice gauge theory. We find that the EE of an arbitrary pure state does not depend on the lattice spacing, thus giving the EE in the continuum limit, and show that the EE for an arbitrary pure state is independent of the real (Minkowski) time evolution. We also explicitly demonstrate the dependence of EE on the gauge fixing at the boundaries between two subspaces, which was pointed out for general cases in the paper [1]. In addition, we calculate the EE at zero as well as finite temperature by the replica method, and show that our result in the continuum limit corresponds to the result obtained before in the continuum theory, with a specific value of the counter term, which is otherwise arbitrary in the continuum calculation. We confirm the gauge dependence of the EE also for the replica method.

hep-th↗

arXiv2015

Entanglement in Four-Dimensional SU(3) Gauge Theory

We investigate the quantum entanglement entropy for the four-dimensional Euclidean SU(3) gauge theory. We present the first non-perturbative calculation of the entropic $c$-function ($C(l)$) of SU(3) gauge theory in lattice Monte Carlo simulation using the replica method. For $0 \leqslant l \leqslant 0.7$~fm, where $l$ is the length of the subspace, the entropic $c$-function is almost constant, indicating conformally invariant dynamics. The value of the constant agrees with that perturbatively obtained from free gluons, with 20 % discrepancy. When $l$ is close to the Hadronic scale, the entropic $c$-function decreases smoothly, and it is consistent with zero within error bars at $l \gtrsim 0.9$ fm.

hep-th↗

arXiv2015

Thermodynamics and reference scale of SU(3) gauge theory from gradient flow on fine lattices

We study the parametrization of lattice spacing and thermodynamics of SU(3) gauge theory on the basis of the Yang-Mills gradient flow on fine lattices. The lattice spacing of the Wilson gauge action is determined over a wide range $6.3\leβ\le7.5$ with high accuracy. The measurements of the flow time and lattice spacing dependences of the expectation values of the energy-momentum tensor are performed on fine lattices.

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arXiv2015

(2+1)-flavor QCD Thermodynamics from the Gradient Flow

Recently, we proposed a novel method to define and calculate the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) in lattice gauge theory on the basis of the Yang-Mills gradient flow [1]. In this proceedings, we summarize the basic idea and technical steps to obtain the bulk thermodynamic quantities in lattice gauge theory using this method for the quenched and $(2+1)$-flavor QCD. The revised results of integration measure (trace anomaly) and entropy density of the quenched QCD with corrected coefficients are shown. Furthermore, we also show the flow time dependence of the parts of EMT including the dynamical fermions. This work is based on a joint-collaboration between FlowQCD and WHOT QCD.

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arXiv2015

Lattice study on QCD-like theory with exact center symmetry

We investigate QCD-like theory with exact center symmetry, with emphasis on the finite-temperature phase transition concerning center and chiral symmetries. On the lattice, we formulate center symmetric $SU(3)$ gauge theory with three fundamental Wilson quarks by twisting quark boundary conditions in a compact direction ($Z_3$-QCD model). We calculate the expectation value of Polyakov loop and the chiral condensate as a function of temperature on 16^3 x 4 and 20^3 x 4 lattices along the line of constant physics realizing $m_{PS}/m_{V}=0.70$. We find out the first-order center phase transition, where the hysteresis of the magnitude of Polyakov loop exists depending on thermalization processes. We show that chiral condensate decreases around the critical temperature in a similar way to that of the standard three-flavor QCD, as it has the hysteresis in the same range as that of Polyakov loop. We also show that the flavor symmetry breaking due to the twisted boundary condition gets qualitatively manifest in the high-temperature phase. These results are consistent with the predictions based on the chiral effective model in the literature. Our approach could provide novel insights to the nonperturbative connection between the center and chiral properties.

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arXiv2015

Finite-temperature phase transition of $N_{f}=3$ QCD with exact center symmetry

For the $Z_{3}$-symmetric lattice QCD-like theory ($Z_3$-QCD), in which $SU(3)$ gauge theory is coupled with three fundamental Wilson quarks with flavor-dependent twisted boundary conditions, we calculate the expectation values of Polyakov loop and chiral condensate as functions of temperature on $16^3 \times4$ and $20^3 \times 4$ lattices with $m_{PS}/m_{V}=0.70$ fixed. We find the first-order phase transition with respect to the $Z_{3}$ center symmetry, where the Polyakov loop exhibits a hysteresis depending on the initial condition of thermalization process. We also show that the crossover behavior of chiral condensate around the critical temperature of the center transition and the manifestation of flavor symmetry breaking in the high-temperature phase.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2015

Thermodynamics of SU(3) Gauge Theory from Gradient Flow

A novel method to study the bulk thermodynamics in lattice gauge theory is proposed on the basis of the Yang-Mills gradient flow with a fictitious time t. The energy density (epsilon) and the pressure (P) of SU(3) gauge theory at fixed temperature are calculated directly on 32^3 x (6,8,10) lattices from the thermal average of the well-defined energy-momentum tensor (T_{mu nu}^R(x)) obtained by the gradient flow. It is demonstrated that the continuum limit can be taken in a controlled manner from the t-dependence of the flowed data.

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arXiv2015

A novel scheme for the wave function renormalization of the composite operators

We propose a novel renormalization scheme for the hadronic operators. The renormalization factor of the operator in this scheme is normalized by the correlation function at tree level in coordinate space. If we focus on the pseudo scalar operator, then its renormalization factor is related to the mass renormalization factor of the fermion through the partially conserved axial-vector current (PCAC) relation. Using the renormalization factor for the pseudo scalar operator in our scheme, we obtain the mass anomalous dimension of the SU(3) gauge theory coupled to N_f=12 massless fundamental fermions, which has an infrared fixed point (IRFP). The mass anomalous dimension at the IRFP is estimated as gamma_m^*= 0.044_{-0.024}^{+0.025} (stat.)_{-0.032}^{+0.057} (syst.).

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arXiv2014

Measurement of thermodynamics using gradient flow

We analyze bulk thermodynamics and correlation functions of the energy-momentum tensor in pure Yang-Mills gauge theory using the energy-momentum tensor defined by the gradient flow and small flow time expansion. Our results on thermodynamic observables are consistent with those obtained by the conventional integral method. The analysis of the correlation function of total energy supports the energy conservation. It is also addressed that these analyses with gradient flow require less statistics compared with the previous methods. All these results suggest that the energy-momentum tensor can be successfully defined and observed on the lattice with moderate numerical costs with the gradient flow.

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arXiv2014

Determination of the mass anomalous dimension for $N_f=12$ and $N_f=9$ SU($3$) gauge theories

We show the numerical simulation result for the mass anomalous dimension of the SU($3$) gauge theory coupled to $N_f = 12$ fundamental fermions. We use two independent methods, namely the step scaling method and the hyperscaling method of the Dirac mode number, to determine the anomalous dimension in the vicinity of the infrared fixed point of the theory. We show the continuum extrapolations keeping the renormalized coupling constant as a reference in both analyses. Furthermore, some recent works seems to suggest the lower boundary of the conformal window of the SU($3$) gauge theory exists between $N_f=8$ and $10$. We also briefly report our new project, in which the numerical simulation of the SU($3$) gauge theory coupled to $N_f=9$ fundamental fermions has been performed.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2014

Phase structure of pure SU(3) lattice gauge theory in 5 dimensions

We investigate the nonperturbative phase structure of five-dimensional SU(3) pure Yang-Mills theory on the lattice. We perform numerical simulations using the Wilson plaquette gauge action on an anisotropic lattice with a four-dimensional lattice spacing (a4) and with an independent value in the fifth dimension (a5). We investigate both cases of a4 > a5 and a4 < a5. The Polyakov loops in the fourth and the fifth directions are observed, and we find that there are four possible phases for the anisotropic five-dimensional quenched QCD theory on the lattice. We determine the critical values of the lattice bare coupling and the anisotropy parameter for each phase transition. Furthermore, we find that the two center domains where the Polyakov loop have locally different charges of the center symmetry appears in single configuration in the specific region of the lattice parameters.

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arXiv2013

Hosotani mechanism on the lattice

We explore the phase structure and symmetry breaking in four-dimensional SU(3) gauge theory with one spatial compact dimension on the lattice in the presence of fermions in the adjoint and fundamental representations with general boundary conditions. The eigenvalue phases of Polyakov loops and the associated susceptibility are measured on 16^3 x 4 lattice. We establish a correspondence between the phases found on the lattice and the gauge symmetry breaking by the Hosotani mechanism.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2013

The twisted Polyakov loop coupling and the search for an IR fixed point

We report the nonperturbative behavior of the twisted Polyakov loop (TPL) coupling constant for the SU(3) gauge theories defined by the ratio of Polyakov loop correlators in finite volume with twisted boundary condition. Carrying out the numerical simulations, we determine the nonperturbative running coupling constant in this renormalization scheme for Nf=12 SU(3) gauge theory. According to the perturbative two loop analysis, the Nf=12 SU(3) gauge theory might have a conformal fixed point in the infrared region. However, the recent lattice studies show controversial results for the existence of the fixed point. We point out possible reasons of the controversy in previous works, and present our careful study. Finally, we find the infrared fixed point (IRFP) and discuss the robustness of the nontrivial IRFP of many flavor system under the change of the analysis method. This talk is based on the paper[1].

hep-lat↗

arXiv2013

The anomalous dimension at the infrared fixed point of Nf = 12 SU(3) theory

We propose a novel renormalization scheme for the hadronic operators. As an example, we show the numerical simulation result for the anomalous dimension of the pseudo scalar operator of the SU(3) gauge theory coupled to Nf = 12 fundamental fermions. The anomalous dimension of the pseudo scalar operator is related with the mass renormalization factor of the fermion thought the partially conserved axial-vector current (PCAC) relation. We derive the mass anomalous dimension at the infrared fixed point (IRFP) of the theory, and find that it is given by gamma_m^*= 0.044_{-0.024}^{+0.025} (stat.)_{-0}^{+0.057} (syst.)_{-0.032}^{+0} (syst.), where the first systematic error comes from the uncertainty of the continuum extrapolation while the second one comes from the uncertainty of the value of the coupling constant at the IRFP.

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