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M. Li

Publications and source records attributed to M. Li.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

Bell violation versus geometric measure of quantum discord and their dynamical behavior

Motivated by recent numerous works on the interplay among various measures of quantum correlations, we aim to investigate the relationship between the violation of Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) Bell inequality and geometric measure of quantum discord for two-qubit systems. Exact lower and upper bounds of Bell violation versus geometric discord are obtained for a specific and significant class of states, Bell diagonal states, and the respective states which suffice those bounds are also characterized. The dynamical behavior of these two quantifiers is carefully analyzed in the presence of decoherence, including Markovian, non-Markovian, and non-back-action quantum environments. The results suggest that Bell violation is closely related to geometric discord, like its relationship with other entanglement monotones.

quant-ph↗

Persistence of the first-order transition lines in mesoscopic Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$ vortex matter with less than hundred vortices

The persistence of the first-order transition line in the phase diagram of mesoscopic Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8}$ vortex matter is detected down to a system size of less than hundred vortices. Precise and highly-sensitive to bulk currents AC magnetization techniques proved to be mandatory in order to obtain this information. The location of the vortex matter first-order transition lines are not altered by decreasing the sample size down to 20 $μ$m. Nevertheless, the onset of irreversible magnetization is affected by increasing the sample surface-to-volume ratio producing a noticeable enlargement of the irreversible vortex region above the second-peak transition.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

A study of thinner-THGEM, with some applications

THGEMs (THick Gas Electron Multiplier) of varying thickness, hole diameter and hole pitch have been studied. For a thinner-THGEM of thickness 0.2 mm, with hole diameter 0.2 mm, pitch 0.2 mm and narrow (5-10 μm) rim, the performance of gain versus high voltage with different gas mixtures have been studied using 5.9 keV X-rays. In general, a gain of around 3\times10^3 was obtained with a single board in Ar/iC4H10, and gains higher than 10^4 were obtained in Ne mixture at lower voltage. The dependence of the energy resolution on the drift and induction electric fields was measured and an energy resolution of 15.9% was obtained. A curved thinner-THGEM chamber with one-dimensional readout has been assembled for use in the diffraction studies at the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF). A cosmic-ray muon hodoscope based on thinner-THGEM was developed as a teaching experiment for the Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (GUCAS).

hep-ex↗

High Speed and High Efficiency Travelling Wave Single-Photon Detectors Embedded in Nanophotonic Circuits

Ultrafast, high quantum efficiency single photon detectors are among the most sought-after elements in modern quantum optics and quantum communication. High photon detection efficiency is essential for scalable measurement-based quantum computation, quantum key distribution, and loophole-free Bell experiments. However, imperfect modal matching and finite photon absorption rates have usually limited the maximum attainable detection efficiency of single photon detectors. Here we demonstrate a superconducting nanowire detector atop nanophotonic waveguides which allows us to drastically increase the absorption length for incoming photons. When operating the detectors close to the critical current we achieve high on-chip single photon detection efficiency up to 91% at telecom wavelengths, with uncertainty dictated by the variation of the waveguide photon flux. We also observe remarkably low dark count rates without significant compromise of detection efficiency. Furthermore, our detectors are fully embedded in a scalable silicon photonic circuit and provide ultrashort timing jitter of 18ps. Exploiting this high temporal resolution we demonstrate ballistic photon transport in silicon ring resonators. The direct implementation of such a detector with high quantum efficiency, high detection speed and low jitter time on chip overcomes a major barrier in integrated quantum photonics.

physics.optics↗

Exploring Galaxy Formation Models and Cosmologies with Galaxy Clustering

Using N-body simulations and galaxy formation models, we study the galaxy stellar mass correlation and the two-point auto-correlation. The simulations are run with cosmological parameters from the WMAP first, third and seven year results, which mainly differ in the perturbation amplitude of σ_{8}. The stellar mass of galaxies are determined using either a semi-analytical galaxy formation model or a simple empirical abundance matching method. Compared to the SDSS DR7 data at z=0 and the DEEP2 results at z=1, we find that the predicted galaxy clusterings from the semi-analytical model are higher than the data at small scales, regardless of the adopted cosmology. Conversely, the abundance matching method predicts good agreement with the data at both z=0 and z=1 for high σ_8 cosmologies (WMAP1 & WMAP7), but the predictions from a low σ_8 cosmology (WMAP3) are significantly lower than the data at z=0. We find that the excess clustering at small-scales in the semi-analytical model mainly arises from satellites in massive haloes, indicating that either the star formation is too efficient in low-mass haloes or tidal stripping is too inefficient at high redshift. Our results show that galaxy clustering is strongly affected by the models for galaxy formation, thus can be used to constrain the baryonic physics. The weak dependence of galaxy clustering on cosmological parameters makes it difficult to constrain the WMAP1 and WMAP7 cosmologies.

astro-ph.CO↗

Continuum Limit Physics from 2+1 Flavor Domain Wall QCD

We present physical results obtained from simulations using 2+1 flavors of domain wall quarks and the Iwasaki gauge action at two values of the lattice spacing $a$, ($a^{-1}$=\,1.73\,(3)\,GeV and $a^{-1}$=\,2.28\,(3)\,GeV). On the coarser lattice, with $24^3\times 64\times 16$ points, the analysis of ref.[1] is extended to approximately twice the number of configurations. The ensembles on the finer $32^3\times 64\times 16$ lattice are new. We explain how we use lattice data obtained at several values of the lattice spacing and for a range of quark masses in combined continuum-chiral fits in order to obtain results in the continuum limit and at physical quark masses. We implement this procedure at two lattice spacings, with unitary pion masses in the approximate range 290--420\,MeV (225--420\,MeV for partially quenched pions). We use the masses of the $π$ and $K$ mesons and the $Ω$ baryon to determine the physical quark masses and the values of the lattice spacing. While our data are consistent with the predictions of NLO SU(2) chiral perturbation theory, they are also consistent with a simple analytic ansatz leading to an inherent uncertainty in how best to perform the chiral extrapolation that we are reluctant to reduce with model-dependent assumptions about higher order corrections. Our main results include $f_π=124(2)_{\rm stat}(5)_{\rm syst}$\,MeV, $f_K/f_π=1.204(7)(25)$ where $f_K$ is the kaon decay constant, $m_s^{\bar{\textrm{MS}}}(2\,\textrm{GeV})=(96.2\pm 2.7)$\,MeV and $m_{ud}^{\bar{\textrm{MS}}}(2\,\textrm{GeV})=(3.59\pm 0.21)$\,MeV\, ($m_s/m_{ud}=26.8\pm 1.4$) where $m_s$ and $m_{ud}$ are the mass of the strange-quark and the average of the up and down quark masses respectively, $[Σ^{\msbar}(2 {\rm GeV})]^{1/3} = 256(6)\; {\rm MeV}$, where $Σ$ is the chiral condensate, the Sommer scale $r_0=0.487(9)$\,fm and $r_1=0.333(9)$\,fm.

hep-lat↗

Asteroseismic constraints on the OPAL opacity interpolation

The frequency difference between a model used only two-point interpolation of opacity and a model used piecewise linear interpolation of opacity is of the order of several microHertz at a certain stage, which is almost 10 times worse than the observational precision of p-modes of solar-like stars. Therefore, the two-point interpolation of opacity is unsuitable in modelling of solar-like stars with element diffusion.

astro-ph↗

Physical Results from 2+1 Flavor Domain Wall QCD and SU(2) Chiral Perturbation Theory

We have simulated QCD using 2+1 flavors of domain wall quarks on a $(2.74 {\rm fm})^3$ volume with an inverse lattice scale of $a^{-1} = 1.729(28)$ GeV. The up and down (light) quarks are degenerate in our calculations and we have used four values for the ratio of light quark masses to the strange (heavy) quark mass in our simulations: 0.217, 0.350, 0.617 and 0.884. We have measured pseudoscalar meson masses and decay constants, the kaon bag parameter $B_K$ and vector meson couplings. We have used SU(2) chiral perturbation theory, which assumes only the up and down quark masses are small, and SU(3) chiral perturbation theory to extrapolate to the physical values for the light quark masses. While next-to-leading order formulae from both approaches fit our data for light quarks, we find the higher order corrections for SU(3) very large, making such fits unreliable. We also find that SU(3) does not fit our data when the quark masses are near the physical strange quark mass. Thus, we rely on SU(2) chiral perturbation theory for accurate results. We use the masses of the $Ω$ baryon, and the $π$ and $K$ mesons to set the lattice scale and determine the quark masses. We then find $f_π= 124.1(3.6)_{\rm stat}(6.9)_{\rm syst} {\rm MeV}$, $f_K = 149.6(3.6)_{\rm stat}(6.3)_{\rm syst} {\rm MeV}$ and $f_K/f_π= 1.205(0.018)_{\rm stat}(0.062)_{\rm syst}$. Using non-perturbative renormalization to relate lattice regularized quark masses to RI-MOM masses, and perturbation theory to relate these to $\bar{\rm MS}$ we find $ m_{ud}^{\bar{\rm MS}}(2 {\rm GeV}) = 3.72(0.16)_{\rm stat}(0.33)_{\rm ren}(0.18)_{\rm syst} {\rm MeV}$ and $m_{s}^{\bar{\rm MS}}(2 {\rm GeV}) = 107.3(4.4)_{\rm stat}(9.7)_{\rm ren}(4.9)_{\rm syst} {\rm MeV}$.

hep-lat↗

2+1 flavor domain wall QCD on a (2 fm)^3 lattice: light meson spectroscopy with Ls = 16

We present results for light meson masses and pseudoscalar decay constants from the first of a series of lattice calculations with 2+1 dynamical flavors of domain wall fermions and the Iwasaki gauge action. The work reported here was done at a fixed lattice spacing of about 0.12 fm on a 16^3\times32 lattice, which amounts to a spatial volume of (2 fm)^3 in physical units. The number of sites in the fifth dimension is 16, which gives m_{res} = 0.00308(4) in these simulations. Three values of input light sea quark masses, m_l^{sea} \approx 0.85 m_s, 0.59 m_s and 0.33 m_s were used to allow for extrapolations to the physical light quark limit, whilst the heavier sea quark mass was fixed to approximately the physical strange quark mass m_s. The exact rational hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm was used to evaluate the fractional powers of the fermion determinants in the ensemble generation. We have found that f_π= 127(4) MeV, f_K = 157(5) MeV and f_K/f_π= 1.24(2), where the errors are statistical only, which are in good agreement with the experimental values.

hep-lat↗

Doping Dependence of the Redistribution of Optical Spectral Weight in Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+δ}$

We present the ab-plane optical conductivity of four single crystals of Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+δ}$ (Bi2212) with different carrier doping levels from the strongly underdoped to the strongly overdoped range with $T_c$=66, 88, 77, and 67 K respectively. We focus on the redistribution of the low frequency optical spectral weight (SW) in the superconducting and normal states. The temperature dependence of the low-frequency spectral weight in the normal state is significantly stronger in the overdoped regime. In agreement with other studies, the superconducting order is marked by an increase of the low frequency SW for low doping, while the SW decreases for the highly overdoped sample. The effect crosses through zero at a doping concentration $δ$=0.19 which is slightly to the right of the maximum of the superconducting dome. This sign change is not reproduced by the BCS model calculations, assuming the electron-momentum dispersion known from published ARPES data. Recent Cluster Dynamical Mean Field Theory (CDMFT) calculations based on the Hubbard and t-J models, agree in several relevant respects with the experimental data.

cond-mat.str-el↗

Current induced magnetization switching in exchange biased spin-valves for CPP-GMR heads

In contrast to earlier studies performed on simple Co/Cu/Co sandwiches, we have investigated spin transfer effects in complex spin-valve pillars with a diameter of 130nm developed for current-perpendicular to the plane (CPP) magneto-resistive heads. The structure of the samples included an exchange biased synthetic pinned layer and a free layer both laminated by insertion of several ultrathin Cu layers. Despite the small thickness of the polarizing layer, our results show that the free layer can be switched between the parallel (P) and the antiparallel (AP) states by applying current densities of the order of 10^7 A/cm^2. A strong asymmetry is observed between the two critical currents IcAP-P and IcP-AP, as predicted by the model of Slonczewski model. Thanks to the use of exchange biased structures, the stability phase diagrams could be obtained in the four quadrants of the (H, I) plan. The critical lines derived from the magnetoresistance curves measured with different sense currents, and from the resistance versus current curves measured for different applied fields, match each other very well. The main features of the phase diagrams can be reproduced by investigating the stability of the solutions of the Landau Lifshitz Gilbert equation including spin torque term within a macrospin model. A spin-transfer saturation effect was observed in the positive currents range. We attribute it to a de-depolarization effect which appears as a consequence of the asymmetric heating of the pillars, whose top and the bottom leads are made of different materials.

cond-mat.other↗

Powerlaw optical conductivity with a constant phase angle in high Tc superconductors

In certain materials with strong electron correlations a quantum phase transition (QPT) at zero temperature can occur, in the proximity of which a quantum critical state of matter has been anticipated. This possibility has recently attracted much attention because the response of such a state of matter is expected to follow universal patterns defined by the quantum mechanical nature of the fluctuations. Forementioned universality manifests itself through power-law behaviours of the response functions. Candidates are found both in heavy fermion systems and in the cuprate high Tc superconductors. Although there are indications for quantum criticality in the cuprate superconductors, the reality and the physical nature of such a QPT are still under debate. Here we identify a universal behaviour of the phase angle of the frequency dependent conductivity that is characteristic of the quantum critical region. We demonstrate that the experimentally measured phase angle agrees precisely with the exponent of the optical conductivity. This points towards a QPT in the cuprates close to optimal doping, although of an unconventional kind.

cond-mat.str-el↗

Vortex fluctuations in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d crystals

Vortex thermal fluctuations in heavily underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d (Tc=69.4 K) are studied using Josephson plasma resonance (JPR). From the data in zero magnetic field, we obtain the penetration depth along the c-axis, lambda_{L,c}(0) = 229 micrometers and the anisotropy ratio gamma(0) = 600. The low plasma frequency allows us to study phase correlations over the whole vortex solid (Bragg-glass) state. The JPR results yield a wandering length r_{w} of vortex pancakes. The temperature dependence of r_{w} as well as its increase with applied dc magnetic field can only be explained by the renormalization of the tilt modulus by thermal fluctuations, and suggest the latter is responsible for the dissociation of the vortices at the first order transition.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Unusual dependence of vortex core states on the superconducting gap in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+δ}$

We present a scanning tunneling spectroscopy study on quasiparticle states in vortex cores in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+δ}$. The energy of the observed vortex core states shows an approximately linear scaling with the superconducting gap in the region just outside the core. This clearly distinguishes them from conventional localized core states, and is a signature of the mechanism responsible for their discrete appearance in high-temperature superconductors. The energy scaling of the vortex core states also suggests a common nature of vortex cores in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+δ}$ and YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-δ}$. Finally, the observed vortex core states do not show any dependence on the applied magnetic field in the range from 1 to 6 T.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Many-body Dynamics of D0--Branes

We show that the growth of the size with the number of partons holds in a Thomas-Fermi analysis of the threshold bound state of D0--branes. Our results sharpen the evidence that for a fixed value of the eleven dimensional radius the partonic velocities can be made arbitrarily small as one approaches the large N limit.

hep-th↗

Free Variables and the Two Matrix Model

We study the full set of planar Green's functions for a two-matrix model using the language of functions of non-commuting variables. Both the standard Schwinger-Dyson equations and equations determining connected Green's functions can be efficiently discussed and solved. This solution determines the master field for the model in the `$C$-representation.'

hep-th↗