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Tomoyuki Ichiba

Publications and source records attributed to Tomoyuki Ichiba.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Path-Space Model Risk via Signature-Induced Optimal Transport

We propose a signature-induced, optimal transport framework for path-space model risk, in which ambiguity between stochastic path laws is factorized through optimal transport costs on signature coordinates under a common coupling. Via an ambient feature-space relaxation, we derive for affine signature scores and affine half-space events explicit robust expectation and probability bounds that depend only on the baseline model. In both cases, the correction is governed by the same effective budget, which depends only on the affine score and the budget vector of the ambiguity set. Moreover, the same quantity leads to a budget-aware sparse signature surrogate method for more general, possibly implicit, or data-driven, path functionals. We illustrate the resulting methodology through controlled stress tests and benchmark model-misspecification problems in finance and insurance.

q-fin.RM↗

Unbiased Rough Integrators and No Free Lunch in Rough-Path-Based Market Models

Built to generalise classical stochastic calculus, rough path theory provides a natural and pathwise framework to model continuous non-semimartingale assets. This paper investigates the capacity of this framework to support frictionless continuous No-Free-Lunch markets à la Kreps-Yan. We establish a "Rough Kreps-Yan" theorem, which links a No Controlled Free Lunch (NCFL) condition to the unbiasedness of the driver of the price process as a rough integrator. The central work of this paper is a classification of these unbiased rough integrators with respect to different classes of controlled paths as integrands, under some assumptions. As the admissible strategies are enlarged from Markovian-type portfolios to signature-type and adaptedly scaled signature-type portfolios, the admissible random rough paths collapse first to Gaussian-Hermite rough paths, and ultimately to the Itô rough path lift of a standard Brownian motion, up to a time change. Notably, simple strategies do not appear in the theory. This implies that within our framework, continuous frictionless markets based on rough path theory are inevitably constrained to the classical semimartingale paradigm, clarifying the limits of this approach. Our framework covers $α-$Hölder continuous rough paths for $α>0$ arbitrarily small in the tensor algebra setting.

q-fin.MF↗

Relative Arbitrage Opportunities with Interactions among $N$ Investors

The relative arbitrage portfolio outperforms a benchmark portfolio over a given time-horizon with probability one. With market price of risk processes depending on the market portfolio and investors, this paper analyzes the multi-agent optimization of relative arbitrage opportunities in the coupled system of market and wealth dynamics. We construct a well-posed market dynamical system of McKean-Vlasov type under an empirical measure of investors, where each investor seeks for relative arbitrage with respect to a benchmark dependent on market and all the agents. We show the conditions to guaranty relative arbitrage opportunities among competitive investors through the Fichera drift. Under mild conditions, we derive the optimal strategies for investors and the unique Nash equilibrium that depends on the smallest nonnegative solution of a Cauchy problem.

q-fin.MF↗

Relative Arbitrage Opportunities in an Extended Mean Field System

This paper studies relative arbitrage opportunities in a market with competitive investors through stochastic differential games in the limit as the number of players tends to infinity. With common noises introduced by the stock capitalization processes, we establish a conditional McKean-Vlasov system to study the market dynamics coupled to the expected trading volume of investors. We show that optimal arbitrage can be characterized as a solution of a Cauchy PDE constructed by the volatility terms in the market model. The structure of the market dynamics can be relaxed, and we provide a theoretical framework to study a general mean-field system, where the interaction is characterized by a joint distribution of wealth and strategies. In this setting, the optimal relative arbitrage constitutes the strong equilibrium of an extended mean-field game. We provide conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the mean-field equilibrium. We further prove the propagation of chaos result for the finite-player game counterpart, and demonstrate that the Nash equilibrium converges to the mean field equilibrium when the population grows to infinity.

q-fin.MF↗

Feynman Formula for Discrete-time Quantum Walks

We explicitly connect (discrete-time) quantum walks on Z with a four-state Markov additive process via a Feynman-type formula (2.5). Using this representation, we derive a relation between the spectral decomposition of the Markov additive process and the limiting density of the homogeneous quantum walk. In addition, we consider a space-time rescaling of quantum walks, which leads to a system of quantum transport PDEs in continuous time and space with a phase interaction term. Our probabilistic representation for this type of PDE offers an efficient Monte Carlo computational technique.

math.PR↗

Optimal investment with insider information using Skorokhod & Russo-Vallois integration

We study the maximization of the logarithmic utility for an insider with different anticipating techniques. Our aim is to compare the utilization of Russo-Vallois forward and Skorokhod integrals in this context. Theoretical analysis and illustrative numerical examples showcase that the Skorokhod insider outperforms the forward insider. This remarkable observation stands in contrast to the scenario involving risk-neutral traders. Furthermore, an ordinary trader could surpass both insiders if a significant negative fluctuation in the driving stochastic process leads to a sufficiently negative final value. These findings underline the intricate interplay between anticipating stochastic calculus and nonlinear utilities, which may yield non-intuitive results from the financial viewpoint.

math.OC↗

A New Compound Poisson Process and Its Fractional Versions

We consider a weighted sum of a series of independent Poisson random variables and show that it results in a new compound Poisson distribution which includes the Poisson distribution and Poisson distribution of order k. An explicit representation for its distribution is obtained in terms of Bell polynomials. We then extend it to a compound Poisson process and time fractional compound Poisson process (TFCPP). It is shown that the one-dimensional distributions of the TFCPP exhibit over-dispersion property, are not infinitely divisible and possess the long-range dependence property. Also, their moments and factorial moments are derived. Finally, the fractional differential equation associated with the TFCPP is also obtained.

math.PR↗

Finding the nonnegative minimal solutions of Cauchy PDEs in a volatility-stabilized market

The strong relative arbitrage problem in Stochastic Portfolio Theory seeks an investment strategy that almost surely outperforms a benchmark portfolio at the end of a given time horizon. The highest relative return in relative arbitrage opportunities is characterized by the smallest nonnegative continuous solution of a Cauchy problem for a partial differential equation (PDE). However, solving this type of PDE poses analytical and numerical challenges, due to the high dimensionality and its non-unique solutions. In this paper, we discuss numerical methods to address the relative arbitrage problem and the associated PDE in a volatility-stabilized market, using time-changed Bessel bridges. We present a practical algorithm and demonstrate numerical results through an example in volatility-stabilized markets.

q-fin.CP↗

Heterogenous Macro-Finance Model: A Mean-field Game Approach

We investigate the full dynamics of capital allocation and wealth distribution of heterogeneous agents in a frictional economy during booms and busts using tools from mean-field games. Two groups in our models, namely the expert and the household, are interconnected within and between their classes through the law of capital processes and are bound by financial constraints. Such a mean-field interaction explains why experts accumulate a lot of capital in the good times and reverse their behavior quickly in the bad times even in the absence of aggregate macro-shocks. When common noises from the market are involved, financial friction amplifies the mean-field effect and leads to capital fire sales by experts. In addition, the implicit interlink between and within heterogeneous groups demonstrates the slow economic recovery and characterizes the deviating and fear-of-missing-out (FOMO) behaviors of households compared to their counterparts. Our model also gives a fairly explicit representation of the equilibrium solution without exploiting complicated numerical approaches.

q-fin.MF↗

Bilateral Gamma Approximation in Weiner Space

This paper deals with bilateral-gamma (BG) approximation to functionals of an isonormal Gaussian process. We use Malliavin-Stein method to obtain the error bounds for the smooth Wasserstein distance. As by-products, the error bounds for variance-gamma (V G), Laplace, gamma and normal approximations are presented. Our approach is new in the sense that the Stein equation is based on integral operators rather than diferential operators commonly used in the literature. Some of our bounds are sharper than the existing ones. For the approximation of a random element from the second Wiener chaos to a BG distribution, the bounds are obtained in terms of their cumulants. Using this result, we show that a sequence of random variables (rvs) in the second Wiener chaos converges in distribution to a BG rv if their cumulants of order two to six converge. As an application of our results, we consider an approximation of homogeneous sums of independent rvs to a BG distribution, and mention some related limit theorems also. Finally, an approximation of a U-statistic to the BG distribution is discussed.

math.PR↗

Rank-based stochastic differential inclusions and diffusion limits for a load balancing model

In an earlier paper, a randomized load balancing model was studied in a heavy traffic asymptotic regime where the load balancing stream is thin compared to the total arrival stream. It was shown that the limit is given by a system of rank-based Brownian particles on the half-line. This paper extends these results from the case of exponential service time to an invariance principle, where service times have finite second moment. The main tool is a new notion of rank-based stochastic differential inclusion, which may be of interest in its own right.

math.PR↗

Semimartingale properties of a generalized fractional Brownian motion and its mixtures with applications in asset pricing

We study the semimartingale properties for the generalized fractional Brownian motion (GFBM) introduced by Pang and Taqqu (2019) and discuss the applications of the GFBM and its mixtures to financial asset pricing. The GFBM is self-similar and has non-stationary increments, whose Hurst index $H \in (0,1)$ is determined by two parameters. We identify the regions of these two parameter values where the GFBM is a semimartingale. We next study the mixed process made up of an independent BM and a GFBM and identify the range of parameters for it to be a semimartingale, which leads to $H \in (1/2,1)$ for the GFBM. We also derive the associated equivalent Brownian measure. This result is in great contrast with the mixed FBM with $H \in \{1/2\}\cup(3/4,1]$ proved by Cheridito (2001) and shows the significance of the additional parameter introduced in the GFBM. We then study the semimartingale asset pricing theory with the mixed GFBM, in presence of long range dependence, and applications in option pricing and portfolio optimization. Finally we discuss the implications of using GFBM on arbitrage theory, in particular, providing an example of semimartingale asset pricing model of long range dependence without arbitrage.

math.PR↗

Catalan Numbers, Riccati Equations and Convergence

We analyze both finite and infinite systems of Riccati equations derived from stochastic differential games on infinite networks. We discuss a connection to the Catalan numbers and the convergence of the Catalan functions by Fourier transforms.

math.CA↗

Invariant measure of gaps in degenerate competing three-particle systems

We study the gap processes in a degenerate system of three particles interacting through their ranks. We obtain the Laplace transform of the invariant measure of these gaps, and an explicit expression for the corresponding invariant density. To derive these results, we start from the basic adjoint relationship characterizing the invariant measure, and apply a combination of two approaches: first, the invariance methodology of W. Tutte, thanks to which we compute the Laplace transform in closed form; second, a recursive compensation approach which leads to the density of the invariant measure as an infinite convolution of exponential functions. As in the case of Brownian motion with reflection or killing at the endpoints of an interval, certain Jacobi theta functions play a crucial role in our computations.

math.PR↗

Directed Chain Generative Adversarial Networks

Real-world data can be multimodal distributed, e.g., data describing the opinion divergence in a community, the interspike interval distribution of neurons, and the oscillators natural frequencies. Generating multimodal distributed real-world data has become a challenge to existing generative adversarial networks (GANs). For example, neural stochastic differential equations (Neural SDEs), treated as infinite-dimensional GANs, have demonstrated successful performance mainly in generating unimodal time series data. In this paper, we propose a novel time series generator, named directed chain GANs (DC-GANs), which inserts a time series dataset (called a neighborhood process of the directed chain or input) into the drift and diffusion coefficients of the directed chain SDEs with distributional constraints. DC-GANs can generate new time series of the same distribution as the neighborhood process, and the neighborhood process will provide the key step in learning and generating multimodal distributed time series. The proposed DC-GANs are examined on four datasets, including two stochastic models from social sciences and computational neuroscience, and two real-world datasets on stock prices and energy consumption. To our best knowledge, DC-GANs are the first work that can generate multimodal time series data and consistently outperforms state-of-the-art benchmarks with respect to measures of distribution, data similarity, and predictive ability.

cs.LG↗

Smoothness of Directed Chain Stochastic Differential Equations

We study the smoothness of the solution of the directed chain stochastic differential equations, where each process is affected by its neighborhood process in an infinite directed chain graph, introduced by Detering et al. (2020). Because of the auxiliary process in the chain-like structure, classic methods of Malliavin derivatives are not directly applicable. Namely, we cannot make a connection between the Malliavin derivative and the first order derivative of the state process. It turns out that the partial Malliavin derivatives can be used here to fix this problem.

math.PR↗

Systemic Risk Models for Disjoint and Overlapping Groups with Equilibrium Strategies

We analyze the systemic risk for disjoint and overlapping groups (e.g., central clearing counterparties (CCP)) by proposing new models with realistic game features. Specifically, we generalize the systemic risk measure proposed in [F. Biagini, J.-P. Fouque, M. Frittelli, and T. Meyer-Brandis, Finance and Stochastics, 24(2020), 513--564] by allowing individual banks to choose their preferred groups instead of being assigned to certain groups. We introduce the concept of Nash equilibrium for these new models, and analyze the optimal solution under Gaussian distribution of the risk factor. We also provide an explicit solution for the risk allocation of the individual banks, and study the existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibrium both theoretically and numerically. The developed numerical algorithm can simulate scenarios of equilibrium, and we apply it to study the bank-CCP structure with real data and show the validity of the proposed model.

q-fin.MF↗

Convolutional Signature for Sequential Data

Signature is an infinite graded sequence of statistics known to characterize geometric rough paths, which includes the paths with bounded variation. This object has been studied successfully for machine learning with mostly applications in low dimensional cases. In the high dimensional case, it suffers from exponential growth in the number of features in truncated signature transform. We propose a novel neural network based model which borrows the idea from Convolutional Neural Network to address this problem. Our model reduces the number of features efficiently in a data dependent way. Some empirical experiments are provided to support our model.

stat.ML↗