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arXiv · 2108.00304

High-precision mapping of diamond crystal strain using quantum interferometry

Mason C. Marshall·Reza Ebadi·Connor Hart·Matthew J. Turner·Mark J. H. Ku·David F. Phillips·Ronald L. Walsworth
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Abstract

Crystal strain variation imposes significant limitations on many quantum sensing and information applications for solid-state defect qubits in diamond. Thus, precision measurement and control of diamond crystal strain is a key challenge. Here, we report diamond strain measurements with a unique set of capabilities, including micron-scale spatial resolution, millimeter-scale field-of-view, and a two order-of-magnitude improvement in volume-normalized sensitivity over previous work [1], reaching $5(2) \times 10^{-8}/\sqrt{\rm{Hz}\cdot\rm{\mu m}^3}$ (with spin-strain coupling coefficients representing the dominant systematic uncertainty). We use strain-sensitive spin-state interferometry on ensembles of nitrogen vacancy (NV) color centers in single-crystal CVD bulk diamond with low strain gradients. This quantum interferometry technique provides insensitivity to magnetic-field inhomogeneity from the electronic and nuclear spin bath, thereby enabling long NV ensemble electronic spin dephasing times and enhanced strain sensitivity. We demonstrate the strain-sensitive measurement protocol first on a scanning confocal laser microscope, providing quantitative measurement of sensitivity as well as three-dimensional strain mapping; and second on a wide-field imaging quantum diamond microscope (QDM). Our strain microscopy technique enables fast, sensitive characterization for diamond material engineering and nanofabrication; as well as diamond-based sensing of strains applied externally, as in diamond anvil cells or embedded diamond stress sensors, or internally, as by crystal damage due to particle-induced nuclear recoils.

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Mason C. Marshall, Reza Ebadi, Connor Hart, Matthew J. Turner, Mark J. H. Ku, David F. Phillips, Ronald L. Walsworth. 2021-07-31. High-precision mapping of diamond crystal strain using quantum interferometry. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.17.024041

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