A Dual-Memory Ferroelectric Transistor Emulating Synaptic Metaplasticity for High-Speed Reservoir Computing

Yifan Wang; Muhammad Sakib Shahriar; Salma Soliman; Noah Vaillancourt; Lance Fernandes; Andrea Padovani; Asif Islam Khan; Md Sakib Hasan; Raisul Islam

arXiv · 2511.07830

A Dual-Memory Ferroelectric Transistor Emulating Synaptic Metaplasticity for High-Speed Reservoir Computing

Yifan Wang·Muhammad Sakib Shahriar·Salma Soliman·Noah Vaillancourt·Lance Fernandes·Andrea Padovani·Asif Islam Khan·Md Sakib Hasan·Raisul Islam

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Abstract

The exponential growth of edge artificial intelligence demands material-focused solutions to overcome energy consumption and latency limitations when processing real-time temporal data. Physical reservoir computing (PRC) offers an energy-efficient paradigm but faces challenges due to limited device scalability and reconfigurability. Additionally, reservoir and readout layers require memory of different timescales, short-term and long-term respectively - a material challenge hindering CMOS-compatible implementations. This work demonstrates a CMOS-compatible ferroelectric transistor using hafnium-zirconium-oxide (HZO) and silicon, enabling dual-memory operation. This system exhibits non-volatile long-term memory (LTM) from ferroelectric HZO polarization and volatile short-term memory (STM) from engineered non-quasi-static (NQS) channel-charge relaxation driven by gate-source/drain overlap capacitance. Ferroelectric polarization acts as non-volatile programming of volatile dynamics: by modulating threshold voltage, the ferroelectric state deterministically switches the NQS time constant and computational behavior between paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) and depression (PPD). This establishes a generalizable material-design principle applicable to diverse ferroelectric-semiconductor heterostructures, extending beyond silicon to oxide semiconductors and heterogeneously-integrated systems. The device solves second-order nonlinear tasks with 3.69 x 10^-3 normalized error using only 16 reservoir states - ~5x reduction - achieving 20 us response time (~1000x faster) and 1.5 x 10^-7 J energy consumption, providing an immediately manufacturable pathway for neuromorphic hardware and energy-efficient edge intelligence.

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Yifan Wang, Muhammad Sakib Shahriar, Salma Soliman, Noah Vaillancourt, Lance Fernandes, Andrea Padovani, Asif Islam Khan, Md Sakib Hasan, Raisul Islam. 2025-11-11. A Dual-Memory Ferroelectric Transistor Emulating Synaptic Metaplasticity for High-Speed Reservoir Computing. https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.07830

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