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arXiv · 2607.21889

Current-induced creation and dynamics of embedded magnetic skyrmion bags

Yaodong Wu·Jialiang Jiang·Lingyao Kong·Meng Shi·Shouguo Wang·Mingliang Tian·Haifeng Du·Jin Tang
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Abstract

Magnetic skyrmion bags-vortex-like structures hosting multiple skyrmions with tunable topological charge (Q)-hold significant promise for next-generation spintronic computing. However, while their creation using magnetic fields has been demonstrated, their direct electrical generation remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we report the direct current-induced formation and manipulation of embedded skyrmion bags in a FeGe nanoplate under zero magnetic field. Using in-situ Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, we capture the transformation of a distorted helical ground state into embedded skyrmion bags with diverse configurations, driven by nanosecond current pulses. Theoretical analysis indicates that this process is driven by the spin-transfer-torque-induced fracture of the helical state. Furthermore, we demonstrate electrically-induced transitions between skyrmion bags of different Q, leading to the stabilization of complex three-dimensional topological structures, including experimental signatures of magnetic monopoles and bobbers. Our work establishes a foundation for all-electrical control of high-Q topological spin textures and topological defects, paving the way for their application in functional spintronic devices.

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Yaodong Wu, Jialiang Jiang, Lingyao Kong, Meng Shi, Shouguo Wang, Mingliang Tian, Haifeng Du, Jin Tang. 2026-07-24. Current-induced creation and dynamics of embedded magnetic skyrmion bags. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-74046-4

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