Morphology-Guided Deterministic Fabrication of Low-Noise High-Temperature Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices

Bingke Xiang; Wanjuan Tang; Shiqun Liu; Lingtong Hou; Geming Zhang; Yibo Wang; Ruonan Wang; Zhiqiang Cao; Jiaqi Wei; Xueshen Wang; Xueying Zhang; Xiaoyang Lin

arXiv · 2608.15846

Morphology-Guided Deterministic Fabrication of Low-Noise High-Temperature Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices

Bingke Xiang·Wanjuan Tang·Shiqun Liu·Lingtong Hou·Geming Zhang·Yibo Wang·Ruonan Wang·Zhiqiang Cao·Jiaqi Wei·Xueshen Wang·Xueying Zhang·Xiaoyang Lin

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Abstract

Reproducible bicrystal high-temperature superconducting quantum interference devices remain limited by local variability along the grain boundaries that form the Josephson junctions. Here, we develop a site-selective fabrication workflow in which atomic force microscopy maps the intended junction region before lithography, quantifies an apparent grain-boundary width, rejects pore-rich segments, and writes a nearby registration mark for site-specific pattern alignment. The apparent grain-boundary width provides a practical morphology metric, with narrower regions consistently yielding larger critical currents and characteristic voltages. Iterative optimization within this workflow further improves junction and device performance, reaching a liquid-nitrogen-temperature field-noise level of 40 fT Hz^(-1/2). This strategy turns local grain-boundary heterogeneity from an uncontrolled source of variability into a basis for site-selective fabrication, providing a route towards scalable manufacturing of low-noise HTS SQUIDs with high uniformity.

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Bingke Xiang, Wanjuan Tang, Shiqun Liu, Lingtong Hou, Geming Zhang, Yibo Wang, Ruonan Wang, Zhiqiang Cao, Jiaqi Wei, Xueshen Wang, Xueying Zhang, Xiaoyang Lin. 2026-08-16. Morphology-Guided Deterministic Fabrication of Low-Noise High-Temperature Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.15846

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