arXiv subjects

Chao Chen

Publications and source records attributed to Chao Chen.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources

arXiv2022

Validation and integration tests of the JUNO 20-inch PMTs readout electronics

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large neutrino detector currently under construction in China. JUNO will be able to study the neutrino mass ordering and to perform leading measurements detecting terrestrial and astrophysical neutrinos in a wide energy range, spanning from 200 keV to several GeV. Given the ambitious physics goals of JUNO, the electronic system has to meet specific tight requirements, and a thorough characterization is required. The present paper describes the tests performed on the readout modules to measure their performances.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2022

Search for the weak radiative decay $Λ_{c}^+\to Σ^+γ$ at BESIII

The Cabibbo-allowed weak radiative decay $Λ_{c}^+\to Σ^+γ$ has been searched for in a sample of $Λ_{c}^+\barΛ_{c}^-$ pairs produced in $e^+e^-$ annihilations, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $4.5 \mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.60 and 4.70 GeV. No excess of signal above background is observed, and we set an upper limit on the branching fraction of this decay to be ${\mathcal B}(Λ_{c}^+\to Σ^+γ)<4.4\times10^{-4}$ at a confidence level of 90\%, which is in agreement with Standard Model expectations.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Measurement of the Branching Fraction of the Singly Cabibbo-Suppressed Decay $Λ_{c}^{+}\toΛK^{+}$

We report a branching fraction measurement of the singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay $Λ_{c}^{+}\toΛK^{+}$ using a data sample collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage ring. The data span center-of-mass energies from 4.599 to 4.950 GeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 6.44 fb$^{-1}$. The branching fraction of $Λ_{c}^{+}\toΛK^{+}$ relative to that of the Cabibbo-favored decay $Λ_{c}^{+}\toΛπ^{+}$ is measured to be $\mathcal{R}=\frac{\mathcal{B}(Λ_{c}^{+}\toΛK^{+})}{\mathcal{B}(Λ_{c}^{+}\toΛπ^{+})}=(4.78\pm0.34\pm0.20)\%$. Combining with the world-average value of $\mathcal{B}(Λ_{c}^{+}\toΛπ^{+})$, we obtain $\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\toΛK^+)=(6.21\pm0.44\pm0.26\pm0.34)\times 10^{-4}$. Here the first uncertainties are statistical, the second systematic, and the third comes from the uncertainty of the $Λ_{c}^{+}\toΛπ^{+}$ branching fraction. This result, which is more precise than previous measurements, does not agree with theoretical predictions, and suggests that non-factorizable contributions have been under-estimated in current models.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Partial wave analysis of the charmed baryon hadronic decay $Λ_c^+\toΛπ^+π^0$

Based on $e^+e^-$ collision samples corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.4 $\mbox{fb$^{-1}$}$ collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between $4.6\,\,\mathrm{GeV}$ and $4.7\,\,\mathrm{GeV}$, a partial wave analysis of the charmed baryon hadronic decay $Λ_c^+\toΛπ^+π^0$ is performed, and the decays $Λ_c^+\toΛρ(770)^{+}$ and $Λ_c^+\toΣ(1385)π$ are studied for the first time. Making use of the world-average branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\toΛπ^+π^0)$, their branching fractions are determined to be \begin{eqnarray*} \begin{aligned} \mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\toΛρ(770)^+)=&(4.06\pm0.30\pm0.35\pm0.23)\times10^{-2},\\ \mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\toΣ(1385)^+π^0)=&(5.86\pm0.49\pm0.52\pm0.35)\times10^{-3},\\ \mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\toΣ(1385)^0π^+)=&(6.47\pm0.59\pm0.66\pm0.38)\times10^{-3},\\ \end{aligned} \end{eqnarray*} where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second are systematic, and the third are from the uncertainties of the branching fractions $\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\toΛπ^+π^0)$ and $\mathcal{B}(Σ(1385)\toΛπ)$. In addition, %according to amplitudes determined from the partial wave analysis, the decay asymmetry parameters are measured to be $α_{Λρ(770)^+}=-0.763\pm0.053\pm0.045$, $α_{Σ(1385)^{+}π^0}=-0.917\pm0.069\pm0.056$, and $α_{Σ(1385)^{0}π^+}=-0.789\pm0.098\pm0.056$.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

First Direct Measurement of the Absolute Branching Fraction of $Σ^+ \to Λe^+ ν_{e}$

The first direct measurement of the absolute branching fraction of $Σ^+ \to Λe^+ ν_{e}$ is reported based on an $e^+e^-$ annihilation sample of $(10087\pm44) \times 10^6$ $J/ψ$ events collected with the BESIII detector at $\sqrt{s}=3.097$ GeV. The branching fraction is determined to be ${\mathcal B}(Σ^+ \to Λe^+ ν_{e}) = [2.93\pm0.74(\rm stat) \pm 0.13(\rm syst)]\times 10^{-5}$, which is the most precise measurement obtained in a single experiment to date and also the first result obtained at a collider experiment. Combining this result with the world average of ${\mathcal B}(Σ^- \to Λe^- \barν_{e})$ and the lifetimes of $Σ^{\pm}$, the ratio, $\frac{Γ(Σ^- \to Λe^- \barν_{e})}{Γ(Σ^+ \to Λe^+ ν_{e})}$, is determined to be $1.06 \pm 0.28$, which is within 1.8 standard deviations of the value expected in the absence of second-class currents that are forbidden in the Standard Model.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Study of the Semileptonic Decay $Λ_c^+\rightarrow Λe^+ν_e$

The measurement of the Cabibbo-favored semileptonic decay $Λ_c^+\rightarrow Λe^+ν_e$ is reported using a $4.5~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ data sample of $e^+e^-$ annihilations collected at center-of-mass energies ranging from 4.600~GeV to 4.699~GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The branching fraction of the decay is measured to be $\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\rightarrow Λe^+ν_e)=(3.56\pm0.11_{\rm stat.}\pm0.07_{\rm syst.})\%$, which is the most precise measurement to date. Furthermore, we perform an investigation of the internal dynamics in $Λ_c^+\rightarrow Λe^+ν_e$. We provide the first direct comparisons of the differential decay rate and form factors with those predicted from lattice quantum chromodynamics (LQCD) calculations. Combining the measured branching fraction with a $q^2$-integrated rate predicted by LQCD, we determine $|V_{cs}|=0.936\pm0.017_{\mathcal{B}}\pm0.024_{\rm LQCD}\pm0.007_{τ_{Λ_c}}$.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Search for the weak decay $ψ(3686) \to Λ_c^{+} \barΣ^- +c.c$

Using $(448.1 \pm 2.9) \times 10^{6}$ $ψ(3686)$ events collected with the BESIII detector, we perform the first search for the weak baryonic decay $ψ(3686) \to Λ_c^{+} \barΣ^- +c.c.$. The analysis procedure is optimized using a blinded method. No significant signal is observed, and the upper limit on the branching fraction ($\mathcal B$) of $ψ(3686) \to Λ_c^{+} \barΣ^- +c.c.$ is set to be $1.4\times 10^{-5}$ at the 90\% confidence level.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

FoPro: Few-Shot Guided Robust Webly-Supervised Prototypical Learning

Recently, webly supervised learning (WSL) has been studied to leverage numerous and accessible data from the Internet. Most existing methods focus on learning noise-robust models from web images while neglecting the performance drop caused by the differences between web domain and real-world domain. However, only by tackling the performance gap above can we fully exploit the practical value of web datasets. To this end, we propose a Few-shot guided Prototypical (FoPro) representation learning method, which only needs a few labeled examples from reality and can significantly improve the performance in the real-world domain. Specifically, we initialize each class center with few-shot real-world data as the ``realistic" prototype. Then, the intra-class distance between web instances and ``realistic" prototypes is narrowed by contrastive learning. Finally, we measure image-prototype distance with a learnable metric. Prototypes are polished by adjacent high-quality web images and involved in removing distant out-of-distribution samples. In experiments, FoPro is trained on web datasets with a few real-world examples guided and evaluated on real-world datasets. Our method achieves the state-of-the-art performance on three fine-grained datasets and two large-scale datasets. Compared with existing WSL methods under the same few-shot settings, FoPro still excels in real-world generalization. Code is available at https://github.com/yuleiqin/fopro.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2022

From Coarse to Fine: Hierarchical Pixel Integration for Lightweight Image Super-Resolution

Image super-resolution (SR) serves as a fundamental tool for the processing and transmission of multimedia data. Recently, Transformer-based models have achieved competitive performances in image SR. They divide images into fixed-size patches and apply self-attention on these patches to model long-range dependencies among pixels. However, this architecture design is originated for high-level vision tasks, which lacks design guideline from SR knowledge. In this paper, we aim to design a new attention block whose insights are from the interpretation of Local Attribution Map (LAM) for SR networks. Specifically, LAM presents a hierarchical importance map where the most important pixels are located in a fine area of a patch and some less important pixels are spread in a coarse area of the whole image. To access pixels in the coarse area, instead of using a very large patch size, we propose a lightweight Global Pixel Access (GPA) module that applies cross-attention with the most similar patch in an image. In the fine area, we use an Intra-Patch Self-Attention (IPSA) module to model long-range pixel dependencies in a local patch, and then a $3\times3$ convolution is applied to process the finest details. In addition, a Cascaded Patch Division (CPD) strategy is proposed to enhance perceptual quality of recovered images. Extensive experiments suggest that our method outperforms state-of-the-art lightweight SR methods by a large margin. Code is available at https://github.com/passerer/HPINet.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2022

Tripling energy storage density through order-disorder transition induced polar nanoregions in PbZrO3 thin films by ion implantation

Dielectric capacitors are widely used in pulsed power electronic devices due to their ultrahigh power densities and extremely fast charge/discharge speed. To achieve enhanced energy storage density, both maximum polarization (Pmax) and breakdown strength (Eb) need to be improved simultaneously. However, these two key parameters are inversely correlated. In this study, order-disorder transition induced polar nanoregions (PNRs) have been achieved in PbZrO3 thin films by making use of the low-energy ion implantation, enabling us overcome the trade-off between high polarizability and breakdown strength, which leads to the tripling of the energy storage density from 20.5 J/cm3 to 62.3 J/cm3 as well as the great enhancement of breakdown strength. This approach could be extended to other dielectric oxides to improve the energy storage performance, providing a new pathway for tailoring the oxide functionalities.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2022

Hong-Ou-Mandel Interference between Two Hyper-Entangled Photons Enables Observation of Symmetric and Anti-Symmetric Particle Exchange Phases

Two-photon Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is a fundamental quantum effect with no classical counterpart. The exiting researches on two-photon interference were mainly limited in one degree of freedom (DoF), hence it is still a challenge to realize the quantum interference in multiple DoFs. Here we demonstrate the HOM interference between two hyper-entangled photons in two DoFs of polarization and orbital angular momentum (OAM) for all the sixteen hyper-entangled Bell states. We observe hyper-entangled two-photon interference with bunching effect for ten symmetric states (nine Boson-Boson states, one Fermion-Fermion state) and anti-bunching effect for six anti-symmetric states (three Boson-Fermion states, three Fermion-Boson states). More interestingly, expanding the Hilbert space by introducing an extra DoF for two photons enables to transfer the unmeasurable external phase in the initial DoF to a measurable internal phase in the expanded two DoFs. We directly measured the symmetric exchange phases being $0.012 \pm 0.002$, $0.025 \pm 0.002$ and $0.027 \pm 0.002$ in radian for the three Boson states in OAM and the anti-symmetric exchange phase being $0.991 π\pm 0.002$ in radian for the other Fermion state, as theoretical predictions. Our work may not only pave the way for more wide applications of quantum interference, but also develop new technologies by expanding Hilbert space in more DoFs.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2022

Search for baryon and lepton number violation decay $D^{\pm}\to n(\bar{n})e^{\pm}$

Using a data set of electron-positron collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of ${\rm 2.93~fb^{-1}}$ taken with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, a search for the baryon ($B$) and lepton ($L$) number violating decays $D^{\pm}\to n(\bar{n})e^{\pm}$ is performed. No signal is observed and the upper limits on the branching fractions at the $90\%$ confidence level are set to be $1.43\times10^{-5}$ for the decays $D^{+(-)}\to \bar{n}(n)e^{+(-)}$ with $Δ|B-L|=0$, and $2.91\times10^{-5}$ for the decays $D^{+(-)}\to n(\bar{n})e^{+(-)}$ with $Δ|B-L|=2$ , where $Δ|B-L|$ denotes the change in the difference between baryon and lepton numbers.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

End-to-End Zero-Shot HOI Detection via Vision and Language Knowledge Distillation

Most existing Human-Object Interaction~(HOI) Detection methods rely heavily on full annotations with predefined HOI categories, which is limited in diversity and costly to scale further. We aim at advancing zero-shot HOI detection to detect both seen and unseen HOIs simultaneously. The fundamental challenges are to discover potential human-object pairs and identify novel HOI categories. To overcome the above challenges, we propose a novel end-to-end zero-shot HOI Detection (EoID) framework via vision-language knowledge distillation. We first design an Interactive Score module combined with a Two-stage Bipartite Matching algorithm to achieve interaction distinguishment for human-object pairs in an action-agnostic manner. Then we transfer the distribution of action probability from the pretrained vision-language teacher as well as the seen ground truth to the HOI model to attain zero-shot HOI classification. Extensive experiments on HICO-Det dataset demonstrate that our model discovers potential interactive pairs and enables the recognition of unseen HOIs. Finally, our method outperforms the previous SOTA by 8.92% on unseen mAP and 10.18% on overall mAP under UA setting, by 6.02% on unseen mAP and 9.1% on overall mAP under UC setting. Moreover, our method is generalizable to large-scale object detection data to further scale up the action sets. The source code will be available at: https://github.com/mrwu-mac/EoID.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2022

Observation of $e^+e^- \to p p \bar{p} \bar{n} π^{-} + c.c.$

Using data taken at 29 center-of-mass energies between 4.16 and 4.70 GeV with the BESIII detector at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of approximately 18.8 $\rm fb^{-1}$, the process $e^+e^- \to p p \bar{p} \bar{n} π^{-} + c.c.$ is observed for the first time with a statistical significance of $11.5σ$. The average Born cross sections in the energy ranges of (4.160, 4.380) GeV, (4.400, 4.600) GeV and (4.610, 4.700) GeV are measured to be $(21.5\pm5.7\pm1.2)$ fb, $(46.3\pm10.6\pm2.5)$ fb and $(59.0\pm9.4\pm3.2)$ fb, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The line shapes of the $\bar{p}\bar{n}$ and $ppπ^-$ invariant mass spectra are consistent with phase space distributions, indicating that no hexaquark or di-baryon state is observed.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Search for a massless dark photon in $Λ^{+}_{c}\to p γ^{\prime}$ decay

A search for a massless dark photon $γ^{\prime}$ is conducted using 4.5 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ collision data collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.699 $\mathrm{GeV}$ with the BESIII detector at BEPCII. No significant signal is observed, and the upper limit on the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(Λ^{+}_{c}\to p γ^{\prime})$ is determined to be $8.0\times 10^{-5}$ at 90% confidence level.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Search for the lepton flavor violating decay $J/ψ\to eμ$

We present a search for the lepton flavor violating decay $J/ψ\to e^{\pm}μ^{\mp}$ using $8.998\times 10^{9} J/ψ$ events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII $e^+e^-$ storage ring. No excess of signal above background is observed; we therefore set an upper limit on the branching fraction of $\mathcal{B}(J/ψ\to e^{\pm}μ^{\mp})<4.5\times10^{-9}$ at the $90\%$ confidence level. Improving the previous best result by a factor of more than 30, this measurement places the most stringent limit to date on lepton flavor violation in the heavy quarkonium sector.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Observation of $Ξ^{-}$ Hyperon Transverse Polarization in $ψ(3686)\rightarrowΞ^{-}\barΞ^{+}$

Using a sample of $(448.1~\pm~2.9)$ $\times 10^{6}$ $ψ(3686)$ decays collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII, we report an observation of $Ξ^{-}$ transverse polarization with a significance of $7.3 σ$ in the decay $ψ(3686)\rightarrowΞ^{-}\barΞ^{+}$ ($Ξ^{-}\rightarrowπ^{-}Λ$, $\barΞ^{+}\rightarrowπ^{+}\barΛ$, $Λ\to pπ^{-}$, $\barΛ\to\bar{p}π^{+}$). The relative phase of the electric and magnetic form factors is determined to be $ΔΦ= (0.667 \pm 0.111 \pm 0.058)$ rad. This is the first measurement of the relative phase for a $ψ(3686)$ decay into a pair of $Ξ^{-}\barΞ^{+}$ hyperons. The $Ξ^{-}$ decay parameters ($α_{Ξ^{-}}$, $ϕ_{Ξ^-}$) and their conjugates ($α_{\barΞ^{+}}$, $ϕ_{\barΞ^{+}}$), the angular-distribution parameter $α_ψ$, and the strong-phase difference $δ_{p}-δ_{s}$ for $Λ$-$π^-$ scattering are measured to be consistent with previous BESIII results.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Measurement of $e^+e^-\rightarrowΛ\barΛη$ from 3.5106 to 4.6988 GeV and study of $Λ\barΛ$ mass threshold enhancement

Using data samples with a total integrated luminosity of approximately 18 fb$^{-1}$ collected by the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII, the process $e^+e^-\rightarrowΛ\barΛ η$ is studied at center-of-mass energies between 3.5106 and 4.6988 GeV. The Born cross section for the process $e^+e^-\rightarrowΛ\barΛη$ is measured. No significant structure is observed in the Born cross section line shape. An enhancement near the $Λ\barΛ$ mass threshold is observed for the first time in the process. The structure can be described by an $S$-wave Breit-Wigner function. Neglecting contribution of excited $Λ$ states and potential interferences, the mass and width are determined to be ($2356\pm 7\pm17$) MeV/$c^2$ and ($304\pm28\pm54$) MeV, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.

hep-ex↗