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arXiv · 1705.10183

In-situ characterization of the Hamamatsu R5912-HQE photomultiplier tubes used in the DEAP-3600 experiment

DEAP Collaboration·P. -A. Amaudruz·M. Batygov·B. Beltran·C. E. Bina·D. Bishop·J. Bonatt·G. Boorman·M. G. Boulay·B. Broerman·T. Bromwich·J. F. Bueno·A. Butcher·B. Cai·S. Chan·M. Chen·R. Chouinard·S. Churchwell·B. T. Cleveland·D. Cranshaw·K. Dering·S. Dittmeier·F. A. Duncan·M. Dunford·A. Erlandson·N. Fatemighomi·R. J. Ford·R. Gagnon·P. Giampa·V. V. Golovko·P. Gorel·R. Gornea·E. Grace·K. Graham·D. R. Grant·E. Gulyev·A. Hall·A. L. Hallin·M. Hamstra·P. J. Harvey·C. Hearns·C. J. Jillings·O. Kamaev·A. Kemp·M. Kuźniak·S. Langrock·F. La Zia·B. Lehnert·O. Li·J. J. Lidgard·P. Liimatainen·C. Lim·T. Lindner·Y. Linn·S. Liu·R. Mathew·A. B. McDonald·T. McElroy·K. McFarlane·J. McLaughlin·S. Mead·R. Mehdiyev·C. Mielnichuk·J. Monroe·A. Muir·P. Nadeau·C. Nantais·C. Ng·A. J. Noble·E. O'Dwyer·C. Ohlmann·K. Olchanski·K. S. Olsen·C. Ouellet·P. Pasuthip·S. J. M. Peeters·T. R. Pollmann·E. T. Rand·W. Rau·C. Rethmeier·F. Retiére·N. Seeburn·B. Shaw·K. Singhrao·P. Skensved·B. Smith·N. J. T. Smith·T. Sonley·R. Stainforth·C. Stone·V. Strickland·B. Sur·J. Tang·J. Taylor·L. Veloce·E. Vázquez-Jáuregui·J. Walding·M. Ward·S. Westerdale·R. White
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Abstract

The Hamamatsu R5912-HQE photomultiplier-tube (PMT) is a novel high-quantum efficiency PMT. It is currently used in the DEAP-3600 dark matter detector and is of significant interest for future dark matter and neutrino experiments where high signal yields are needed. We report on the methods developed for in-situ characterization and monitoring of DEAP's 255 R5912-HQE PMTs. This includes a detailed discussion of typical measured single-photoelectron charge distributions, correlated noise (afterpulsing), dark noise, double, and late pulsing characteristics. The characterization is performed during the detector commissioning phase using laser light injected through a light diffusing sphere and during normal detector operation using LED light injected through optical fibres.

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DEAP Collaboration, P. -A. Amaudruz, M. Batygov, B. Beltran, C. E. Bina, D. Bishop, J. Bonatt, G. Boorman, M. G. Boulay, B. Broerman, T. Bromwich, J. F. Bueno, A. Butcher, B. Cai, S. Chan, M. Chen, R. Chouinard, S. Churchwell, B. T. Cleveland, D. Cranshaw, K. Dering, S. Dittmeier, F. A. Duncan, M. Dunford, A. Erlandson, N. Fatemighomi, R. J. Ford, R. Gagnon, P. Giampa, V. V. Golovko, P. Gorel, R. Gornea, E. Grace, K. Graham, D. R. Grant, E. Gulyev, A. Hall, A. L. Hallin, M. Hamstra, P. J. Harvey, C. Hearns, C. J. Jillings, O. Kamaev, A. Kemp, M. Kuźniak, S. Langrock, F. La Zia, B. Lehnert, O. Li, J. J. Lidgard, P. Liimatainen, C. Lim, T. Lindner, Y. Linn, S. Liu, R. Mathew, A. B. McDonald, T. McElroy, K. McFarlane, J. McLaughlin, S. Mead, R. Mehdiyev, C. Mielnichuk, J. Monroe, A. Muir, P. Nadeau, C. Nantais, C. Ng, A. J. Noble, E. O'Dwyer, C. Ohlmann, K. Olchanski, K. S. Olsen, C. Ouellet, P. Pasuthip, S. J. M. Peeters, T. R. Pollmann, E. T. Rand, W. Rau, C. Rethmeier, F. Retiére, N. Seeburn, B. Shaw, K. Singhrao, P. Skensved, B. Smith, N. J. T. Smith, T. Sonley, R. Stainforth, C. Stone, V. Strickland, B. Sur, J. Tang, J. Taylor, L. Veloce, E. Vázquez-Jáuregui, J. Walding, M. Ward, S. Westerdale, R. White. 2017-05-29. In-situ characterization of the Hamamatsu R5912-HQE photomultiplier tubes used in the DEAP-3600 experiment. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.12.058

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