A mobile high spatial-resolution Muography instrument based on large-area Micromegas detectors

Abstract

Muon radiography is an imaging technique based on muon absorption in matter that allows measurement of internal details in hidden objects or structures. This technique relies on measuring cosmic-ray muons tracks accurately, which reflects the incoming muon flux from both the target object and the open sky. In this paper, we report on the construction of a high spatial resolution muography instrument based on Micromegas detectors. Using four layers of 400 mm ${\times}$ 400 mm Micromegas detectors, channel multiplexing circuits, and the versatile readout system, a moveable muography instrument named $\mu$STC-R400 was designed and constructed. Results show that the channel multiplexing circuits can resolve hit positions correctly, and the spatial resolution of the detector is approximately 190 ${\mu}$m. Experiments were conducted at an under-construction subway tunnel and outdoors near a mountain, demonstrating the ${\mu}$STC-R400's ability to maintain high spatial resolution outside the laboratory and its robustness in harsh environments.