Field-induced first order transitions and phase coexistence in the Kitaev quantum spin liquid candidate BaCo2(AsO4)2

Tanner J. Legvold; Bin Gao; Rong-Zhu Lin; Violet Williams; Tong Chen; Dehong Yu; Chien-Lung Huang; Gage Eichman; Renjie Lui; Benedetta Flebus; Pengcheng Dai; Douglas Natelson

arXiv · 2607.15346

Field-induced first order transitions and phase coexistence in the Kitaev quantum spin liquid candidate BaCo2(AsO4)2

Tanner J. Legvold·Bin Gao·Rong-Zhu Lin·Violet Williams·Tong Chen·Dehong Yu·Chien-Lung Huang·Gage Eichman·Renjie Lui·Benedetta Flebus·Pengcheng Dai·Douglas Natelson

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Abstract

BaCo2(AsO4)2 (BCAO) is an insulating Kitaev quantum spin liquid candidate with a rich low-temperature phase diagram. Below 5 K, it exhibits double-zigzag magnetic order. Upon application of an in-plane magnetic field, the magnetic structure first transforms into an up-up-down (UUD) state near 0.12 T and then enters a fully spin-polarized ferromagnetic (FM) state near 0.5 T. In the narrow field regime close to the polarized phase, a finite residual thermal conductivity has been reported, suggesting a possible field-induced quantum spin liquid phase. Using neutron scattering, we show that the field-induced double-zigzag-to-UUD transition near 0.15 T is accompanied by the emergence of a cluster of localized UUD spin excitations that coexist with conventional spin waves. Upon further increasing field, BCAO undergoes a first-order UUD-to-FM transition with coexistence of UUD and FM phases, accompanied by a sharp response in the spin Seebeck coefficient. These results do not support a quantum spin liquid scenario near the UUD-to-FM critical field. Instead, modeling indicates that the broad excitations arise from bound spin-flip pairs, while a low-lying dispersive branch near the FM phase boundary carries the same sign of magnetization as the FM order. These excitations naturally account for the observed sign of the spin Seebeck response and are likely relevant to the thermal conductivity near the critical field.

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Tanner J. Legvold, Bin Gao, Rong-Zhu Lin, Violet Williams, Tong Chen, Dehong Yu, Chien-Lung Huang, Gage Eichman, Renjie Lui, Benedetta Flebus, Pengcheng Dai, Douglas Natelson. 2026-07-16. Field-induced first order transitions and phase coexistence in the Kitaev quantum spin liquid candidate BaCo2(AsO4)2. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.15346

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