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arXiv · 2607.27460

Compton Polarimeter Prototype for the CUbesat Solar Polarimeter (CUSP) mission

Nicolas De Angelis·Andrea Alimenti·Riccardo Campana·Mauro Centrone·Giovanni De Cesare·Ettore Del Monte·Sergio Di Cosimo·Enrico Costa·Sergio Fabiani·Abhay Kumar·Pasqualino Loffredo·Giovanni Lombardi·Gabriele Minervini·Fabio Muleri·Paolo Romano·Alda Rubini·Enrico Silva·Paolo Soffitta·Giovanni Cucinella·Vito Di Bari·Simone Di Filippo·Andrea Negri·Massimo Perelli·Davide Albanesi·Valerio Campamaggiore·Giulia de Iulis·Andrea Del Re·Paolo Leonetti·Alessandro Zambardi·Ilaria Baffo·Pierluigi Fanelli·Costantino Zazza·Andrea Curatolo·Nicolas Gagliardi·Dario Modenini·Daniele Pecorella·Alice Ponti·Paolo Tortora·Valerio Vagelli·Daniele Brienza·Immacolata Donnarumma·Matteo Mergè·Emanuele Zaccagnino·Alessandro Turchi
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Abstract

The space-based CUbesat Solar Polarimeter (CUSP) mission aims to measure the linear polarization of solar flares in the hard X-ray band (25-100 keV) by means of a dual-phase Compton polarimeter. CUSP will allow to study the magnetic reconnection and particle acceleration in the flaring magnetic structures of our star with its unprecedented sensitivity to solar flare polarization. CUSP is a project under development as part of the Alcor Program of the Italian Space Agency aimed at developing new CubeSat missions. In the frame of CUSP's Phase B, which started in December 2024, a flight-representative prototype of the Compton polarimeter has been developed and characterized with hard X-ray sources in the laboratory. This prototype consists of a 4$\times$4 central matrix of plastic scintillator bars surrounded by 4 strips of 8 elongated GAGG scintillators, respectively coupled to a multi-anode photomultiplier tube and arrays of avalanche photodiodes. These sensors are read out by custom front-end electronics based on MAROC-3A and SKIROC-2A ASICs with a Xilinx Artix 7 FPGA. The plastic scintillators act as scatterers, while the GAGG bars fully absorb the scattered photons. Coincident plastic-GAGG events allow for reconstructing the Compton scattering direction, whose distribution allows for inferring the polarization parameters of the source. We report here the measured performance of the polarimeter prototype using well-known radioactive isotopes and X-ray tubes, allowing us to assess the performance of our polarimeter prototype over the full 25-100 keV energy range.

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Nicolas De Angelis, Andrea Alimenti, Riccardo Campana, Mauro Centrone, Giovanni De Cesare, Ettore Del Monte, Sergio Di Cosimo, Enrico Costa, Sergio Fabiani, Abhay Kumar, Pasqualino Loffredo, Giovanni Lombardi, Gabriele Minervini, Fabio Muleri, Paolo Romano, Alda Rubini, Enrico Silva, Paolo Soffitta, Giovanni Cucinella, Vito Di Bari, Simone Di Filippo, Andrea Negri, Massimo Perelli, Davide Albanesi, Valerio Campamaggiore, Giulia de Iulis, Andrea Del Re, Paolo Leonetti, Alessandro Zambardi, Ilaria Baffo, Pierluigi Fanelli, Costantino Zazza, Andrea Curatolo, Nicolas Gagliardi, Dario Modenini, Daniele Pecorella, Alice Ponti, Paolo Tortora, Valerio Vagelli, Daniele Brienza, Immacolata Donnarumma, Matteo Mergè, Emanuele Zaccagnino, Alessandro Turchi. 2026-07-29. Compton Polarimeter Prototype for the CUbesat Solar Polarimeter (CUSP) mission. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3104575

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