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arXiv · 2507.10454

Performance of newly constructed plastic scintillator barrel in the WASA-FRS experiments and evaluation of radiation damage effects on multi-pixel photon counter

Y. K. Tanaka·R. Sekiya·K. Itahashi·H. Alibrahim Alfaki·F. Amjad·M. Armstrong·K. -H. Behr·J. Benlliure·Z. Brencic·T. Dickel·V. Drozd·S. Dubey·H. Ekawa·S. Escrig·M. Feijoo-Fontán·H. Fujioka·Y. Gao·H. Geissel·F. Goldenbaum·A. Graña González·E. Haettner·M. N. Harakeh·Y. He·H. Heggen·C. Hornung·N. Hubbard·M. Iwasaki·N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki·A. Kasagi·M. Kavatsyuk·E. Kazantseva·A. Khreptak·B. Kindler·H. Kollmus·D. Kostyleva·S. Kraft-Bermuth·N. Kurz·E. Liu·B. Lommel·S. Minami·D. J. Morrissey·P. Moskal·I. Mukha·M. Nakagawa·C. Nociforo·H. J. Ong·S. Pietri·S. Purushothaman·C. Rappold·E. Rocco·J. L. Rodríguez-Sánchez·P. Roy·R. Ruber·T. R. Saito·S. Schadmand·C. Scheidenberger·P. Schwarz·V. Serdyuk·M. Skurzok·B. Streicher·K. Suzuki·B. Szczepanczyk·X. Tang·N. Tortorelli·M. Vencelj·T. Weber·H. Weick·M. Will·K. Wimmer·A. Yamamoto·A. Yanai·J. Zhao·for WASA-FRS/Super-FRS Experiment Collaboration
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Abstract

A barrel-shaped plastic scintillation counter with Multi-Pixel Photon Counter (MPPC) readout has been developed and operated in the first WASA-FRS experimental campaign at GSI. The detector was used to measure charged particles emitted from reactions induced by a 2.5 GeV proton beam incident on a carbon target, providing particle identification in combination with momentum reconstruction in a 1 T magnetic field. The performance of this detector, particularly its response to energy deposition and time resolution, was systematically investigated as a function of count rate and total number of irradiating protons. A time resolution of 45-75 ps ($\sigma$), depending on the energy deposition, was achieved. Stable performance was maintained under high-rate conditions up to 1.35 MHz per single counter, with no significant degradation in either signal amplitude or timing response. Radiation-induced damage to the MPPCs was observed primarily as a reduction in signal amplitude, with approximately $35\%$ decrease at an estimated 1 MeV neutron-equivalent fluence of $2.4 \times 10^{10}$ cm$^{-2}$.

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Y. K. Tanaka, R. Sekiya, K. Itahashi, H. Alibrahim Alfaki, F. Amjad, M. Armstrong, K. -H. Behr, J. Benlliure, Z. Brencic, T. Dickel, V. Drozd, S. Dubey, H. Ekawa, S. Escrig, M. Feijoo-Fontán, H. Fujioka, Y. Gao, H. Geissel, F. Goldenbaum, A. Graña González, E. Haettner, M. N. Harakeh, Y. He, H. Heggen, C. Hornung, N. Hubbard, M. Iwasaki, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, A. Kasagi, M. Kavatsyuk, E. Kazantseva, A. Khreptak, B. Kindler, H. Kollmus, D. Kostyleva, S. Kraft-Bermuth, N. Kurz, E. Liu, B. Lommel, S. Minami, D. J. Morrissey, P. Moskal, I. Mukha, M. Nakagawa, C. Nociforo, H. J. Ong, S. Pietri, S. Purushothaman, C. Rappold, E. Rocco, J. L. Rodríguez-Sánchez, P. Roy, R. Ruber, T. R. Saito, S. Schadmand, C. Scheidenberger, P. Schwarz, V. Serdyuk, M. Skurzok, B. Streicher, K. Suzuki, B. Szczepanczyk, X. Tang, N. Tortorelli, M. Vencelj, T. Weber, H. Weick, M. Will, K. Wimmer, A. Yamamoto, A. Yanai, J. Zhao, for WASA-FRS/Super-FRS Experiment Collaboration. 2025-07-14. Performance of newly constructed plastic scintillator barrel in the WASA-FRS experiments and evaluation of radiation damage effects on multi-pixel photon counter. https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10454

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